Team HydroFly: Fuel Cell

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Team HydroFly Fuel Cell

• Team Members
• Adam Lint
• Chris Cockrell
• Dan Hubbard
• Sponsors
• Dr. Herb Hess
• Dr. Brian Johnson

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Overview

• Project Purpose
• Project Objective
• Background (Fuel Cell and AMPS)
• Basic Design Description
• Additional Design Considerations
• Schedule and Budgeting

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Purpose Why are we interfacing the fuel cell
to the Analog Model Power System? Alternative
Energy Source Flexibility for the AMPS
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ObjectiveInterface the Fuel Cell to the Analog
Model Power System
AMPS
?
Fuel Cell
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• What is a Hydrogen Fuel Cell?
• Different Types
• Phosphoric Acid
• Proton exchange membrane (PEM)
• Solid Oxide (SOFC)
• Molten Carbonate (MCFC)
• Alkaline
• Proton exchange membrane (PEM)
• Low temperature
• Low Noise
• Zero Harmful Emissions (water and heat)
• Portable
• Capacity of up to 10KW

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• What is a Hydrogen Fuel Cell?
• Operation of a PEM fuel cell
• Chemical reaction similar to a battery
• Does not need to be charged as long as hydrogen
  is supplied

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• Avista SR-12 PEM Hydrogen Fuel Cell
• Donated by Genesis FuelTech in 2003
• 500W Peak Power
• DC output (23V - 43V)
• 12 Fuel Cell Cartridges
• Spare Parts Available
• 80C Operating Temp.

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Analog Model Power System

• Acquired from Idaho Power in the mid 1990s
• Models a typical power transmission system

Added Features 1. A fault matrix in which
three faults can be placed on the system, either
simultaneously or in an evolving manner. 2. The
ability to load impedance faults onto the system.
3. SEL (Schweitzer Engineering Labs) relays
into the system.
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DC to DC Converter
AMPS
12V/24V DC
Fuel Cell
DC
DC
23-43V DC
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DC/DC Converter

• Purpose Regulate output voltage from fuel cell
  to a constant DC voltage
• Requirements
• Input Voltage 23-43 VDC (min)
• Input Current 25 A (min)
• Power Rating 500 W (min)
• Output Voltage 12/24 VDC

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DC/DC Converter

• Wide Input Range
• (20-45 V)
• 600 W Power Rating
• 12 VDC Output
• Audible/Visual Indicators

MajorVTC600-32-12 DC/DC Voltage Converter
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DC/DC Converter
MajorVTC600-32-12 DC/DC Voltage Converter
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DC to AC Converter
12V AC 3-phase Synchronous Freq.
AMPS
12V DC
Fuel Cell
DC
DC
DC
AC
23-43V DC
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DC to AC Converter

• Purchase from Tier Electronics in Oconomowoc, WI
• Specifications
• Input Voltage 12 VDC /- 0.5 VDC
• Input Current 50 A Continuous/ 55 A Peak
• Power Rating 500 W
• Output Voltage 12 VAC 3-phase _at_ 60 Hz

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DC to AC Converter

• Mini Universal Power Converter (UPC) from Tier
  Electronics
• Features
• 40MHz Re-Programmable TI-2400 series DSP
• 24KHz PWM Switching frequency (offers greater
  control)
• Communication Module for asynchronous serial
  communication
• Expansion capabilities for monitoring and
  controlling external signals

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Filtering

• Why?
• Distortion on the 3-phase AC voltage
• Corrected by using a simple LC Filter

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Transformer 12V to 208V AC
208V AC 3-phase Synchronous Freq.
AMPS
12V AC 3-phase Synchronous Freq.
12V DC
12208
Fuel Cell
Trans-former
DC
DC
DC
AC
23-43V DC

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Transformer

• 3 Phase
• Delta to Delta Configuration
• Input 12 Volts AC
• Output 208 Volts AC

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BLOCK DIAGRAM
208V AC 3-phase Synchronous Freq.
AMPS
12V AC 3-phase Synchronous Freq.
12V DC
12208
Fuel Cell
Trans-former
DC
DC
DC
AC
23-43V DC

Synchronous Signals Voltage/Current Readings
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Synchronization

• To correctly provide supplemental power to AMPS,
  our AC signal must be in phase with the system
• Why?
• If the two signals are out of phase when
  connected to each other, massive current spikes
  will appear and it will take longer for the
  signal to stabilize.

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Synchronization

• Phase-Lock Loop
• Fast Response
• Will accurately correct any error
• Zero-Point Crossings
• Sample Rate
• Frequency
• 3-Phase Timings

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Microprocessor

• TI 2400 Series DSP
• 16-bit data Fixed-Point
• 20-40 MIPS
• On-Chip Flash Memory
• Other Features A/D Converter, CAN Module, SCI,
  SPI,

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Device Protection

• Protect from what?
• Incorrect power flow
• Exceeding component rating
• How to protect it?
• Switches (Control)
• Fuses

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Schedule
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Budget
Cost divided evenly between Fuel Cell and
Flywheel Groups
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Questions?