Respiratory

1
Respiratory Protection
2
Outline

• Classroom
• Introduction
• Terminology
• Respirator Program
• Hands-on
• Cleaning
• Inspection
• Fit testing

3
Training Goals

• You should understand the extent of the
  requirements of a respiratory protection program.
• You should understand the limitations of the
  program and your respirator.

4
Permissible Practices

• Engineering and administrative controls before
  respirators.
• Engineering substitution, minimization,
  isolation, ventilation controls.
• Administrative scheduling or rotation of work.
• Maintenance and Research are areas where
  respirator use is still fairly common.

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Exposure

• Exposure is the concentration of air contaminant

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Exposure Assessment Hydrochloric Acid

• According to MSDS for Hydrochloric Acid,
  recommended Personal Protective Equipment should
  include
• Chemical goggles or face shield.
• Chemical resistant gloves.
• Clothing, to avoid skin contact.
• Respiratory protection based on airborne levels
  of acid vapor.

7
Exposure Assessment Muriatic Acid

• According to MSDS for muriatic acid, recommended
  personal protective equipment should include
• Chemical goggles or face shield and chemical
  goggles.
• Chemical resistant gloves
• Coveralls, boots, or apron to avoid skin contact.
  
• Respiratory protection based on airborne levels
  of contaminants.

8
Process Selection

• Physical Plants respirator program has a
  complete process selection chart in your
  handouts
• Power Plant hasnt developed such a tool yet.
• Other departments ?

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Exposure Acronyms

• PEL - Permissible Exposure Limit
• TWA - Time Weighted Average
• STEL - Short Term Exposure Limit
• C - Ceiling Limit

• TLV - Threshold Limit Value
• IDLH - Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health
• AL - Action Level

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Explanation of Exposure Terms
Blank Chart
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Exposure Chart
Seasoned Worker
12
Exposure Chart
Supervisor
13
Exposure Chart
Outside Contractor
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Asbestos Exposure Limits
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Types of Respirators Fit

• Tight-fitting
• Loose-fitting

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Tight fitting respirators
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QuickLatch Respirator

• The only respirator with the easy on and off
  latching system. Just flip the latch and the
  respirator slides off the face. Close the latch
  and the respirator slides back into its original
  fitting position.

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Loose-fitting respirators
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Classes of RespiratorsPositive and Negative
Pressure

• Positive pressure
• The sandblasting helmet system is a positive
  pressure respirator
• Negative pressure
• North 7700 is a negative pressure respirator
• Disposable masks

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Positive Pressure Respirators

• When inhaling, the pressure inside the respirator
  is kept higher than outside the respirator

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Examples positive pressure respirators

• Powered air purifying respirator

22
Examples positive pressure respirators
23
Examples positive pressure respirators

• Atmosphere supplying respirator
• Supplied air respirators
• Self-contained breathing apparatus

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Examples escape-only respirators

• Can not be used for entry

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Negative Pressure Respirators

• When inhaling, the pressure inside the respirator
  is less than outside the respirator

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Examples negative pressure respirators

• Filtering facepieces or Dust masks

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Examples negative pressure respirators

• Use for sensitizers like allergens?
• Immunologic asthma develops after a variable
  period of time during which "sensitization" to an
  agent present in the workplace takes place
• If sensitization occurs, it may follow the first
  exposure, or may not occur until after exposure
  has continued for a long time.

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Voluntary and Mandatory

• Dust masks are being used for protection against
  biological agents such as Anthrax
• Voluntary Use
• One page OSHA mandatory Voluntary Use form
  required
• Mandatory use of dust masks kick in the full
  respirator requirements

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Examples negative pressure respirators

• Air-purifying respirator
• North 7700

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Negative Pressure Respirators filters

• Color coded
• Made specific for a single manufacturers line of
  respirators

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Filters used against dust HEPA

• High Efficiency Particulate Air (magenta ???)
• HEPA-only or combination filter
• Pancake

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Filters used against vapors Cartridges or
Canisters

• Cartridges are the most common type.
• OV (black)
• OV/AG (bl/yellow)
• OV/HEPA
• OV/AG/pancake HEPA

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Filters used against vapors Cartridges or
Canisters

• Photo from cover of Chronicle of Higher Education

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Respirators in the News

• Soldiers prepared for chemical warfare during
  Gulf War
• (photo from Science magazine, Feb. 2001)

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Service Life

• End of service life indicators
• mercury
• Service life calculations

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Factors that can Reduce Cartridge Service Life

• Exertion Level
• Cartridge Variability
• Temperature
• Humidity
• Multiple Contaminants

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Cartridge Service Life Estimates
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Fit factors

• Well talk about this at the end, if time permits.

Particulate Respirator
Gas Vapor Respirator
Combination Respirator
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Latex Allergy

• Latex allergy can result from repeated exposures
  to proteins in natural rubber latex. Exposure can
  be due to skin contact with a latex-containing
  item or inhalation of the proteins. Reactions can
  range from skin rash to anaphylaxis and shock.
  Some items that include latex are gloves, medical
  supplies, respirators, rubber bands, balloons,
  and baby bottle nipples.
• Respirators are available in rubber and silicone.
  The silicone masks can be used by those with
  latex sensitivities