TOPIC: Chemistry

1

• TOPIC Chemistry
• AIM Explain all of the components of a chemical
  reaction.

2
Chemical symbol

• Abbreviations for elements
• H, C, O, S, N
• Na, Cl, Al, Mg

3
(No Transcript)
4
(No Transcript)
5
Chemical formula

• Represents a compound
• Shows the number of atoms of each element

6
(No Transcript)
7

• Example
• C6H12O6 glucose
• 6 atoms of Carbon
• 12 atoms of Hydrogen
• 6 atoms of Oxygen

8
Subscript

• of atoms of an element in a formula
• C6H12O6

subscripts
9

• H2O
• 2 atoms of hydrogen
• 1 atom of oxygen

10
Coefficient

• in front of formula
• of molecules

11

• 3CO2
• 3 molecules of carbon dioxide

12

• 3CO2 of atoms?
• 3 atoms of carbon
• 6 atoms of oxygen

13

• 2C6H12O6
• C6H12O6 C6H12O6
• of molecules?
• 2 molecules of glucose
• of atoms?
• 12 carbon atoms, 24 hydrogen atoms, 12
  oxygen atoms

14
Chemical equation

• Letters and numbers that represent a chemical
  reaction
• H2 O ? H2O

15
(No Transcript)
16
Parts of an equation

• 1. REACTANTS what is needed
• ( on LEFT side)

17

• 2. PRODUCTS what is produced (on
  RIGHT side)

18

• H2 O2 ? H2O2

PRODUCTS
REACTANTS
19
(No Transcript)
20
Chemical Reaction

• When materials change into new substances
• When compounds are made
• Example
• Na Cl ? NaCl
  (metal gas ? salt)

21
Types of Reactions

• Synthesis two or more simple substances COMBINE
  to form a new, more complex substance
• A B ? C

In the cartoon, the skinny bird (reactant) and
the worm (reactant) combine to make one product,
a fat bird.
22

• 2. Decomposition reaction complex substance
  breaks down into two or more simpler substances
• C ? A B

In this cartoon the egg (the reactant), which
contained the turtle at one time, now has opened
and the turtle (product) and egg shell (product)
are now two separate substances.
23

• 3. Single-replacement reaction an uncombined
  element replaces an element that is part of a
  compound
• A BX ? AX B

Notice, the guy in the orange shirt steals the
date of the other guy. So, a part of one of the
reactants trades places and is in a different
place among the products.
24

• 4. Double-replacement reaction different atoms
  in two different compounds replace each other
• AX BY ? AY BX

25
What affects the rate of reactions?videos\Rates_o
f_Chemical_Reactions.asf

• 1. Concentration (amount)

26

• 2. Surface area (how much material is exposed)

27

• 3. Temperature
• 4. Catalysts (substance that speeds up rate of
  reaction)

28
Law of Conservation of Mass

• The of atoms remains the same before and after
  the chemical reaction

29
Balanced equations

• Equations must be balanced
• Same and types of elements on each side

30

• Example
• H2 O2 ? H2 O2
• Left side
• 2 hydrogens, 2 oxygens
• Right side
• 2 hydrogens, 2 oxygens
• EQUATION IS BALANCED!

31
(No Transcript)
32

• Lets summarize
• What are the parts of a chemical reaction?
• Explain the difference between subscripts and
  coefficients.
• Explain each of the different types of chemical
  reactions.
• Explain the requirement of a balanced equation.