Designing Objective-Oriented ELT in Primary Schools

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DesigningObjective-Oriented ELT in Primary
Schools
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???? OUTLINE

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Some basic ideas about ELT in primary schools

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Key conditions needed for effective ELT

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Principles of designing objective-oriented ELT
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Some Basic Ideas About ELT ???????????
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Children as innate learners??????????

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• Every child is a passionate learner.
• Children have a strong and natural desire for
  knowledge, skills, and the feeling of mastery.

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Learning in activities??????

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• Language knowledge and skills are acquired and
  developed through participation in communicative
  activities.

I hear and I forget I see and I
remember I do and I understand
I teach and I master.
Learning by Teaching
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Teacher as facilitator ??????

• ????????????,???????????
• The teacher plays an important role as
  facilitator, who provides support to students
  learning.

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Teachers Responsibilities????
understand and use the language
To enable students to

• by keeping students

• highly motivated in learning ????
• actively engaged in learning ????

and providing them with

• supportive environment for learning ????
• explicit modeling and teaching ????
• feedback and reinforcement ????

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ELT English Language Teaching
Teacher as facilitator ??????
Instructional objectives ????
Learner
Teaching as providing supportive
conditions ????????????
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Key Conditions for Effective ELT ???????????
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The process of language learning??????
Exposure ????
Comprehension ??
Active use ??
Imitation ??
Externalization ??
Internalization ??
Language input ????
Language output????
U
U
nderstand
se
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What problems?????

• Most low-achievers ?????

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• cannot understand the English input
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• cannot read the words and texts correctly
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• cannot do their assignment after class
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• cannot remember / spell the words
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• cannot use the language for communication

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Teachers find it hard to ????

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• manage a large class (over 40 children)

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• engage all children in learning activities

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• teach the contents in the limited time

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• give low-achievers extra support

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Why some children fail??????
Unsatisfied Learning Outcomes?????? Interest
Confidence Vanished ??????? Instructional Goals
Unachieved ??????? Some children left behind in
English ??????
Insufficient practice????
Incomprehensible input ????
Insufficient exposure????
Learner unengaged ????????
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What root causes???????
Incomprehensible input ????
Learner disengagement????
Insufficient practice ????
Insufficient exposure ????

• Ineffective teaching ????

Too many children ????
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Key Elements for Effectiveness???????
Learning conditions
Learning outcomes
Learner
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Key learning conditions??????
SUCCESS
SUCCESS
SUCCESS
pecific objectives ?????
nderstandable input ?????
orrelated review ?????
orrect demonstration ?????
ngaging activities ?????
tress-free environment ?????
tep-by-step practice?????
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Principles of designing Objective-Oriented
ELT?????????????
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Objective-Oriented ELT ?????????

• Instructional objectives as ??????

• the guideline of organizing learning
  ???????
• the basis for designing activities
  ???????
• the standards for assessing learning ???????

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Learning Process Phases of a Lesson ???????????
Performance
Attention
Activation
Reception
Encoding
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Warming-up
Revision
Presentation
Practice
Assessment
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Two Tasks in Designing Effective Lessons
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Instructional Objective

• Identify instructional objectives
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• Design learning activities
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Learning Activity
Learning Activity
Learning Activity
Learning Activity
Learning Activity
Learning Activity
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What makes a lesson effective?
Learner Engagement
Activities
Objectives
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Principles of designing effective ELT ???????????

• Specified and practicable objectives
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• Relevant and collective preparation
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• Textbook-based and accurate presentation
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• Adequate and sequential practice
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• Objective-based and encouraging assessment
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Specified and Practicable Objectives
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• Instructional objectives are the descriptions of
  the students expected abilities.?????????????????
  ???????
• Specified???? observable and measurable, not
  ambiguous.????????????????????,??????????
• Practicable???? appropriate and achievable to
  most students. ?????????????,?????????????

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Relevant and involving preparation ??????????????

• Relevant ??????????
• Relevant to new learning?????????
• Relevant to students interests, needs
  abilities ???????????????
• Involving all students ??????
• Avoid one-to-one, individual activities
  ????????????????
• Whole-class, group interaction????????????????

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Textbook-based and accurate presentation
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• Present the content in the textbook in the
  familiar context?????????????
• Relate new learning to existing schema??????
• Focus on the key points ????
• Present new content correctly and
  clearly???????????
• Accurate pronunciation and intonation?????????
• Clear demonstration of words and
  patterns?????????

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Adequate and Sequential Practice ??????????????

• Classroom practice should be??????
• Objective-Oriented ????
• Student-Centred ????
• Whole-Class-Involved ????
• Step-by-Step ????
• Sentence-Based ????
• Skill-Integrated ????

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Objective-Based and Encouraging Assessment
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• Objectives as the appropriate criteria for
  assessment ?????????????????????
• Sense of achievement as the motivator for
  self-efficacy and learning ??????????????????????
  
• Value self and peer assessment ?????????

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Todays Objectives

• 1.???????????????had a picnic, thought, took
  photos,????????amazing,??????helicopter
• 2.????????Where did...? What did...????????
• 3.???????????????????
• 4.???????????????????

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1. ??????

• 1) ???????????think---thought, ??????amazing,
  ???helicopter, It was amazing. I thought it (was
  )
• 2)???????????(What did? Where did?)?????????????
  ??????????
• 3)????????,??????, ???????????????????????????????
  ??????????????????????
• 4)????????????????

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2. ??????

• 1)??????I (v-ed)??????????????????
• 2)????????(??)???(??)?????????????
• 3. ??????
• ???Free talk?Watch a video?Say the
  poem?????????????????????????????????????????????
  ?????????
• 4. ????
• ?????????????? ? ??????????????????????????

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Objectives Revised(1-3)

• 1???????????????play basketball, sleep (U2,
  M6, B2)
• 2??????????????????? (U2, M6, B2)
• 3???Hesing. Shes ing????? (U1, M3, B3)

1. ?????????????play basketball, sleep (U2, M6,
B2) 2. ??????????(??)?????? (U2, M6, B2) 3.
??????Hes/Shes (v.ing)????????? (U1, M3, B3)
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?????????(4-7)
4. To learn to talk about the past (U1, M8,
B4) 5. Vocabulary the British Museum,
wonderful, understand, (U1, M3, B5) 6. Teach
the students to borrow some books 7. Be able to
master words more, postcards, thousand,
kilometers, (U1, M1, B7)

• 4. Ss (The students) are able to talk about ones
  past, using was and were (U1, M8, B4)
• 5. Ss will say the new words correctly
  wonderful, understand, (U1, M3, B5)
• 6. Ss can ask and answer the 4 questions used at
  the library (U1, M4, B6).
• 7. Students are able to make sentences these
  words in the text more, postcards, thousand,
  kilometers, (U1, M1, B7)

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• Activity 1 (U2, M6, B2)
• ???????(???)??chant,???? Apple Red?????
• ?????????Unit 1?????,??????????????,?????

CHANT and SING What do you do at school, Sam? I
have English and Chinese. What do you do at the
weekend? I go swimming and play football.
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• Activity 2 (U1, M3, B3)
• ????(???)Book 2?p.31?8???,????
• What do you do in spring/summer/autumn/winter
  (?at school/at the weekend)?
• ??????,????????????
• ???????????????,????????????

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• Activity 3 (U2, M2, B5)
• ????p. 5???Where did you go?????????,???????Unit
  1???Amy?London?????,???????????????????,?????????
  ???????,????????????????

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• Activity 4 (U1, M8, B8)
• ??Unit 2, M 6?chant, ???????(??)?????Module
  ???Unit ?? 3. Learn and say ??????????????????When
  , Where, What, ???????????Uint 1????Helen
  Keller???,????????????

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Practice Activities Revised(1-3)

• 1. (U2, M6, B1)?????????p. 25?chant Pen and
  pencil.
• 2 (U2, M3, B3)Star guessinggame Guess what
  the stars are doing.
• 3 (U1, M8, B4)Free talk about Yao Ming using the
  pattern Whats he like now and what was he like
  then.

1 (U2, M6, B1)?????pen???pencil,??chant?????????
2 (U2, M3, B3)Show some animals at the circus,
and let students talk about what the animals are
doing. 3 (U1, M8, B4)Show pictures of young and
old animals and encourage students to ask and
answer Whats it like now? and What was it
like then?
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?????????(4-6)
4 (U1, M2, B5)?????????????????????????? 5 (U2,
M3, B5)Group work Retell the story. 6 (U2, M4,
B6)??????,????????????????,??????????Where is
the .? (??????Where can I find out?)
4 (U1, M2, B5)???????????????????How many? ?How
much ?????????? 5 (U2, M3, B5)Group work/Pair
work Put in the missing words (or Complete the
sentence according to the story) 6 (U2, M4,
B6)????????,????????animal, food, China,
England, games?????,???????????,????????Where
can I find out about ??????????????
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Dimensions of Evaluation???????

• ?????????????????????(learning outcomes as the
  mere criterion) ?
• ????????goals achieved by (most of) all
• ??(????)????????
• ????????resources less consumed
• ?????????????
• 3Es (Economy, Effectiveness, Efficiency)
• ????????enjoyable learning experiences
• ?????--?????--????????
• ????????autonomous learning enhanced
• ??????autonomy?????????

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Questions for reflection ?????

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WE
ARE SURE
THAT WE CAN
LET OUR KIDS ENJOY
MORE FUN IN LEARNING ENGLISH
BY MAKING OUR ENGLISH LESSONS MORE
EFFECTIVE
SO
WHY NOT?
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Thank you for your attention

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