Hitler

1
Hitlers Lightning War

• Chapter 16 section 1

2
Germany sparks a new war in Europe

• Germany sparks a new war in Europe
• Stalin signed 10 year agreement Non-Aggression
  pact- with Germany- saying they would not fight
• Secret part Germany and Soviet Union agreed to
  divide Poland, USSR could have Finland,
  Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia
• Germanys lightning attack
• Blitzkrieg- lightning war
• Germans used artillery and bombing to attack
  Warsaw, capital of Poland
• France and Great Britain will declare war on
  Germany
• Western half of Poland will fall to Hitler
• Soviets make their move
• Stalin sent Soviet troops to occupy the Eastern
  half of Poland
• Finland will resist
• Soviets pull out the win
• Finns will accept Stalins surrender terms

3
The Phony War

• French and Brits had mobilized army against
  Germany
• Stationed on Maginot Line- system of
  fortifications along Frances border with Germany
• Nothing happened referred to as a phony war
• Calm will end- Hitler launched surprise invasion
  of Denmark and Norway
• Denmark fell and Norway surrendered
• Germany began to build bases along the coast to
  launch strikes on Great Britain

4
The Fall of France

• Hitler send tanks through the Ardennes- heavily
  wooded area in Northern France, Luxm., and
  Belgium
• Germans squeezed between the Maginot Line
• Moved across France
• Rescue at Dunkirk
• Germans had trapped the Allied forces around the
  Northern French city of Lille
• Allies retreated to the beaches of Dunkirk,
  French Port
• G.B. set out to rescue the Army
• Ships crossed the English Channel and carry
  338,000 soldiers to safety

5
France Falls

• Resistance in France crumbles after Dunkirk
• Germans take Paris
• French leaders surrender
• Germans take N. France and leave S. France to
  puppet govt headed by Marshal Petain
• Headquarters for Petain was in Vichy France
• Charles de Gaulle- French general, set up exile
  govt in London
• Commits all energy to taking back France
• Will battle Nazis until France was liberated in
  1944

6
The Battle of Britain

• G.B. stood alone against the Nazis
• Winston Churchill- new G.B. prime minister
• Hitler will try to invade G.B.
• Hitler 1st wanted to destroy RAF- royal air force
  then land troops
• Luftwaffe- German air force began bombing
• British will not waver
• Technological advances help Britain
• Radar- could tell , speed, and direction of
  Luftwaffe
• Enigma machine- decoded German messages
• Germans will give up on daylight raids
• Stunned by British resistance Hitler called off
  attacks
• Key to this battle Hitler could be defeated

7
The Mediterranean and the Eastern Front

• Hitler will have a shift in strategy
• Turned attention to Med., Balkans, and the Soviet
  Union
• Axis forces attack N. Africa
• Axis powers- Germany, Italy, Japan
• Mussolini orders attack on Egypt
• Suez Canal was key to oil in Middle East
• Britain Strikes Back
• Hitler sends in Afrika Korps- German tank force
  led by Erwin Rommel- later called the Desert Fox
  for his success
• Rommel seized Tobruk

8
War in the Balkans

• Hitler was planning to attack USSR from the
  Balkans
• Hitler persuaded Bulgaria, Romania, and Hungary
  to join the Axis
• Hitler invades the Soviet Union
• Operation Barbarossa- plan to invade the USSR
• Soviet General Georgi Zhukov will counterattack
  Nazis
• Germans will retreat
• Hitler will gain nothing but 500,000 German deaths

9
The U.S. aids Allies

• Congress will pass Neutrality Acts
• Illegal to sell arms or lend to nations at war
• Roosevelt creates Lend-Lease Act
• Roosevelt and Churchill met secretly and issued a
  joint declaration called the Atlantic Charter-
• Upheld free trade, right to choose own govt
• U.S. was in undeclared naval war with Hitler
• U.S. will enter war b/c of Japan