AP World History Chapter 33

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AP World HistoryChapter 33

• Africa, the Middle East, and Asia in the Era of
  Independence

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• The Colonial Divisions of Africa and the
  Emergence of New Nations

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• The Partition of South AsiaThe Formation of
  India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka

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The Population Bomb

• Population control difficult
• cultural factors
• high mortality rates

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Parasitic Cities and Endangered Ecosystems

• Towns
• Slums become permanent
• towns parasitic

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Women's Subordination and the Nature of Feminist
Struggles in the Postcolonial Era

• Indira Gandhi
• Indian politician who served as Prime Minister of
  India. The World's second longest serving female
  Prime Minister as of 2012. She was the first
  woman to become prime minister in India.
• Corazon Aquino
• The 11th President of the the Philippines and the
  first women to hold that. She led the 1986
  People Power Revolution, which toppled Ferdinand
  Marcos and restored democracy in the Philippines.
  She was named "Woman of the Year" in 1986 by
  Time
• Benazir Bhutto
• 11 Prime Minister of Pakistan and founder of the
  Pakistan Peoples Party.

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Charismatic Populists and One-Party Rule

• Kwame Nkrumah, Ghana
• Soviet support
• Cocoa, cash crop
• Deposed, 1966

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Military Responses Dictatorships and Revolutions

• Muslim Brotherhood
• Hasan al-Banna
• Free Officers, 1930s
• Nationalistic
• Gamal Abdul Nasser
• Allied with Muslim Brotherhood
• Nasser
• Land redistribution
• Free education
• Food staples regulated
• Forced British from Canal zone
• Israel
• Six-Day War, 1967
• Anwar Sadat
• Negotiations with Israel
• Hosni Mubarak

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The Indian Alternative Development for Some of
the People

• Indian National Congress
• Social reform
• Economic development
• Democracy
• Civil rights
• Jawaharlal Nehru
• 1st Indian Prime Minister
• Green Revolution
• Agrarian Reform
• Private investment

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Iran Religious Revivalism and the Rejection of
the West

• Pahlavi shahs
• Modernization
• Alienates religious leaders
• Overthrown by Khomeini, 1978
• Ayatollah Khomeini
• Similar to Mahdi
• The Mahdi is the prophesied redeemer of Islam who
  will rule for seven, nine or nineteen years
  before the Day of Judgment, the Day of
  Resurrection) and will rid the world of
  wrongdoing, injustice and tyranny.
• Radical reform
• Sharia law
• Opposition suppressed
• Women more restricted
• War with Iraq
• 1988, peace

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South Africa The Apartheid State and Its Demise

• Nationalist Party
• Afrikaner
• 1948 elections
• Afrikaner rule
• Independence, 1960
• Apartheid
• complete separation
• African National Congress outlawed
• Walter Sisulu, Nelson Mandela, Steve Biko
• Opposition, 1960s
• Economic, political pressure, 1980s
• Mandela freed, 1990
• Elections, 1994
• Mandela president

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Comparisons of Emerging Nations Patterns

• Some reflect traditions
• Depends on continuity of native culture

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