The U.S. Becomes a World Power

1
The U.S. Becomes a World Power

• Early 1900s

2
Imperialism

• A larger, more powerful country taking over a
  smaller, weaker country for their own good
• As seen by this political cartoon

3
The Debate over Imperialism

• Pros
• Markets to sell U.S. goods in
• Get raw materials from colonies
• Could spread the American way of life around the
  world
• It is the white mans burden to educate natives
• Make them Christians

• Cons
• The U.S. fought Spain and kicked them out of Cuba
  for being imperialists
• Trading overseas would mean wars

4
Spanish-American War

• Spain controlled Cuba as a colony
• Cuba wanted them out
• U.S. had business interests there in sugar
  plantations
• Sent ships to patrol region
• U.S.S. Maine explodes
• Papers read
• Remember the Maine, to hell with Spain
• War breaks out

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Spain Loses the War

• Sign Treaty of Paris, 1898
• Spain must give Cuba independence
• Spain must give the U.S.
• Puerto Rico
• Guam
• Spain will sell the Philippines to the U.S.
• 20 million

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Roosevelt Spanish-American War

• Theodore Roosevelt leads the Rough Riders
• Charge San Juan Hill
• Hero
• Returns home
• Gains Vice Presidency
• Pres. McKinley assassinated
• Roosevelt becomes President

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Philippine Insurrection

• U.S. promised Emilio Aguinaldo, a Filipino
  leader, that if he helped fight against Spain,
  his government would rule the Philippines after
  the war
• After the war, the U.S. established their own
  rule
• Aguinaldo saw it as hypocrisy
• The U.S. fought for Cuba to have freedom
• Now Philippines is not under Spanish control, but
  U.S.
• Aguinaldo led a revolt against the U.S.
• Guerilla warfare
• 45,000 killed from fighting mostly Filipinos
• Philippines did not get their independence

8
Panama Canal

• U.S. desires a short route from the Atlantic to
  the Pacific Ocean for trade and the military
• T. Roosevelt offers 10 million to Columbia (who
  controls Panama) for the canal zone
• Columbia wants more money
• Roosevelt supports Panama rebellion from Columbia
• Roosevelt finishes the canal

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Panama Canal
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Speak softly and carry a big stick you will go
far.

• Did Roosevelt go far?
• He expanded the role of president
• He expanded the role of the U.S. in world affairs
• Panama Canal
• Roosevelt corollary
• U.S. job to protect the western hemisphere
• Open Door Policy
• Opened Chinas markets to trade

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What is this cartoon referring to?
12
Open Door Policy

• China was carved into spheres of influence
• Britain, France, Japan, Portugal, Russia had
  spheres
• The U.S. wanted a share in Chinas markets
• John Hay promoted the Open Door policy that
  would keep the door open to trade for all nations
  in all parts of China

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Dollar Diplomacy

• Taft followed Roosevelt as President
• Liked the U.S. being involved internationally
• Gave money and loans to Latin American countries
  to influence them in the American way