Hydro-electric power plant

1
Hydro-electric power plant

• Presented by- 21. Kunal Kaklij.
• 22. Ritesh
  Kedare.
• 23.
  Kuldeep Kharjul.
• 24. Salman
  Khatik.

2
What is Hydro-electricity?

• Hydroelectricity is the term referring
  to electricity generated by hydropower the
  production of electrical power through the use of
  the gravitational force of falling or flowing
  water. It is the most widely used form
  of renewable energy.

3
History

• In the mid-1770s, French engineer Bernard Forest
  de Belidor published Architecture Hydraulique
  which described vertical- and horizontal-axis
  hydraulic machines. In 1878 the world's first
  hydroelectric power scheme was developed at in
  Northumberland, England by William George
  Armstrong. It was used to power a single light
  bulb in his art gallery. The old Schoelkopf Power
  Station No. 1 near Niagara Falls in the U.S. side
  began to produce electricity in 1881.

4
Advantages and Disadvantages of Hydroelectricity

• Advantages
• The major advantage of hydroelectricity is
  elimination of the cost of fuel.
• Reservoirs created by hydroelectric schemes often
  provide facilities for water sports, and become
  tourist attractions themselves.
• In some countries, aquaculture in reservoirs is
  common.
• Multi-use dams installed for irrigation support
  agriculture with a relatively constant water
  supply.
• Large hydro dams can control floods, which would
  otherwise affect people living downstream of the
  project.

5
Disadvantages

• Hydroelectric power stations that use dams would
  submerge large areas of land due to the
  requirement of a reservoir.
• Hydroelectric projects can be disruptive to
  surrounding aquatic ecosystems both upstream and
  downstream of the plant site.
• Generation of hydroelectric power changes the
  downstream river environment.
• Water exiting a turbine usually contains very
  little suspended sediment, which can lead to
  scouring of river beds and loss of riverbanks.
• Another disadvantage of hydroelectric dams is the
  need to relocate the people living where the
  reservoirs are planned.

6
Images Related to Hydro-electricity
Turbines row at L0s Nihuiles Power Station in
Mendoza, Argentina.
7
Hydro-electric Dam
Cross section of a conventional hydroelectric dam.
8
A typical turbine and generator
9
Sizes and capacities of hydro-electric facilities
The Three Gorges Dam is the largest operating
hydroelectric power station, at 22,500 MW.
10
The Hoover Dam in the United States is a large
conventional dammed-hydro facility, with an
installed capacity of 2,080 MW.
The Gordon Dam in Tasmania is a large hydro
facility, with an installed capacity of 430 MW.
11
Koyna Dam

• The Koyna Dam is one of the largest dams in Mahara
  shtra, India. It is a rubble-concrete dam
  constructed on Koyna River which rises in
  Mahabaleshwar, a hill station in Sahyadri ranges.
  It is located in Koyna Nagar, Satara district,
  nestled in the Western Ghats on the state highway
  between Chiplun and Karad.
• The main purpose of dam is to provide hydroelectri
  city with some irrigation in neighboring areas.
  Today the Koyna Hydroelectric Project is one of
  the largest hydroelectric project in India having
  a total installed capacity of 1,920 MW. Due to
  its electricity generating potential it is
  considered as the 'life line of Maharashtra'

12

• The dam has contributed to earthquakes in the
  recent past, including the devastating 1967
  Koynanagar earthquake, resulting in the dam
  developing some cracks. After the
  disaster Grouting of the cracks was done. Also
  internal holes were drilled to relieve
  the hydrostatic pressures in the body of the dam.
• In 1973 non overflow portion of the dam was
  strengthened followed by strengthening
  of spillway section in 2006. Now the Dam expected
  to be safe against any future earthquake even of
  more intensity than that of 1967.

13

• The catchment area dams the Koyna river and forms
  the Shivasagar Lake which is approximately 50 km
  (31 mi) in length. It is one of the largest civil
  engineering projects commissioned after Indian
  independence. The Koyna hydro-electric project is
  run by the Maharashtra State Electricity Board.

Koyna Dam
14
World hydroelectric capacity
Country Annual hydroelectricproduction Installedcapacity Capacityfactor of totalcapacity
China 652.05 196.79 0.37 22.25
Canada 369.5 88.974 0.59 61.12
Brazil 363.8 69.080 0.56 85.56
United States 250.6 79.511 0.42 5.74
Russia 167.0 45.000 0.42 17.64
Norway 140.5 27.528 0.49 98.25
India 115.6 33.600 0.43 15.80
Venezuela 85.96 14.622 0.67 69.20
15
THANK YOU