States of Matter Phase Change

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States of Matter Phase Change
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Water

• Water exists on our planet in three states.
• Ice, water, and water vapor
• What causes water to be in one phase or another?

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ENERGY
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ENERGY

• When energy is added to a substance that energy
  causes the particles in the substance to move
  faster and farther apart.

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Phase Change

• Energy content is responsible for the different
  phases of matter.
• Matter can be made to change phase when energy is
  added to or taken away from a substance.

ENERGY
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Melting- Solid to Liquid

• Melting is the changing of a solid to a liquid
• The solid heats up and absorbs heat energy. If
  the particles vibrate fast enough, the particles
  break loose and slide past on another
• Happens at the melting point

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Freezing- Liquid to Solid

• Opposite of melting liquid changing to a solid
  is freezing.
• Freezing occurs when a substance loses heat
  energy and the particles sow down. Eventually
  they attract to one another and become solid.
• Happens at the freezing point.

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Evaporation- Liquid to Gas

• Evaporation is the changing of a liquid to a gas.
• The liquid particles gain energy and eventually
  break away from liquid and escape as gas
  particles.
• Happens when temperature increases.

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Boiling

• Process of a liquid becoming a gas.
• Heat a liquid, large bubbles rise and go to the
  surface.
• Happens at the boiling point.

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Condensation- Gas to Liquid

• Gas to liquid phase change.
• A substance in the gas phase that loses energy
  and particles slow down will change to a liquid.
• Happens over a large range or temperatures .

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Condensation

• Water vapor in surrounding air loses heat energy
  when it comes in contact with the cold glass.
  Water vapor condenses and becomes liquid drops of
  water.

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Sublimation Solid to Gas

• Solid to gas phase change occurs when the surface
  particles of a solid change directly into a gas.

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Sublimation Solid to Gas

• You may notice this in the cold winter with snow.
  The snow does not melt, but slowly disappears.
• Dry ice goes directly from solid carbon dioxide
  to gas.