Biotic and Abiotic Factors

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Introducing
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Eco
logy
Ecology
the study of the relationships between biotic and
abiotic factors in environments
eco (G) root home, abode
log, -o, y (G) suffix study of
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Ecosystem
includes all abiotic and biotic factors in one
particular environment
Biotic Factors
Abiotic Factors
the living parts of an ecosystem
the nonliving parts of an ecosystem
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Biotic Factors
Bio
include plants, animals, fungi, microorganisms
bio(s), bio(t) (G) root life
Abiotic Factors
A
include air, water, soil, temperature, wind,
source of energy (usually sun)
a, an (G) prefix not, without
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Levels of Organization
smallest unit of living things
group of similar cells organized to work together
group of different kinds of tissues working
together
group of organs working together
one individual living thing
all organisms of the same kind living in one area
all interacting populations in an ecosystem
all living and nonliving things interacting
within a certain area
large region with typical plants and animals that
includes several ecosystems
cell
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Producer
Contain the most energy based on the 10 rule

• Autotrophs

• Examples

• Rely on sun to create food.

Source of all food in the ecosystem

• Plants
• Algae
• Microorganisms

6H2O 6CO2 ? C6H12O6 6O2
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Consumer
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• AKA Heterotrophs
• 4 categories
• Herbivore - Eat mainly plants. Prefix
  Herbgrass or herb Suffix vore to eat
• Omnivore Eat both plants animals. Prefix Omni
  all

• Carnivore Eat mainly animals.
  Latin carnis flesh
• Scavenger Eat dead organisms

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Decomposer

• Break down waste and dead organisms i.e.
  absorbing nutrients ? return raw materials to the
  environment
• Important in recycling nutrients!!!
• Usually found on ground or low areas
• Examples
• Bacteria
• Fungi

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FOOD CHAINS
Tertiary consumers
Primary consumers
Secondaryconsumers
Producers
But in real ecosystems, who eats who is MUCH more
complicatedinstead of food chains, ecologists
usually talk about FOOD WEBS
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The transfer of energy from sun ? producer ?
primary consumer ? secondary consumer ? tertiary
consumer can be shown in a FOOD CHAIN.
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Food Webs

• Are interconnected food chains
• They show the feeding relationships in an
  ecosystem