Environmental Science Living Things in Ecosystems

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Environmental ScienceLiving Things in Ecosystems
LaVigne

• Chapter 2
• Notes 2

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How species interact with each other

• 5 Major Interactions Among Biotic Factors in an
  Ecosystem
• Predation
• Competition
• Parasitism
• Mutualism
• Commensalism

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How species interact with each other

• Predation
• On organism kills eats another organism
• Predator the killer/eater
• Feed on the young weak
• Limits the size of prey populations
• Prey gets eaten/killed
• Prey declines the predators must find other prey

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How species interact with each other
Predation Examples
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How species interact with each other

• Competition
• 2 or more organisms of the same or different
  species attempt to use the same limited resources
• can occur evenly if theres no contact (indirect)
• ex-2 insects, same plant, one feeds during the
  day, one at night

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How species interact with each other

• Parasitism
• parasite- organisms that live in or on another
  organism feed on it w/o immediately killing it
• host- organism the parasite takes nourishment
  from
• organisms are negatively affected by parasites

Mistletoe on an apple tree
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How species interact with each other
Hungry Tick
Full Tick
Parasitism
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How species interact with each other

• Mutualism
• a cooperative partnership between two species in
  which both species benefit
• Example you intestinal bacteria, bacteria aids
  you w/digestion you give bacteria warm home/food

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How species interact with each other

• Commensalism
• One species benefits, the other is neither harmed
  nor helped
• Remora sharks attach to sharks feed on scraps
  from their meals the sharks arent affected
• Commensalism is very rare

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How species interact with each other

• Commensalism or Mutualism??
• The sea anemone and the clown fish.

Scientists tend to agree that it is commensalism,
there is not sufficient documented proof that the
anemone benefits in any way
Do the fish scare away other fish/predators??? Fin
ding Nemo.do they keep the anemone clean???
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Assignments

• Complete and Hand in the Transparency 2
  worksheet with the Section 2.1 on the back (you
  received this on Friday)
• Complete the 2.2 Section review WS