Definitions

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Definitions
2
Definitions to Know

• Morality any major decisions that affect others
  becomes a
• moral decision.
• Immoral refers to the way people ought not to
  act. It
• negatively affects others
• Amoral refers to morally neutral actions
  (neither good nor
• bad). It can also describe attitudes/behaviours
  that show no
• sensitivity to the question of right or wrong.
• Principle fundamental law, rule or code of
  conduct
• Conscience the human capacity to weigh right
  and wrong
• Personal Integrity the quality of showing moral
  principles by
• Knowing what is right or wrong and choosing the
  former.

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Definitions

• Teleological having to do with the design or
  purpose of something. For example. A house is
  built to live in a clock is made to keep time.
  But what of the end to which we as human begins
  aspire? Try thinking of this end not as an end
  point but as completion, as fullness.
• Teleological thinking seeking to understand the
  ultimate goal, purpose or end of something.
  (Teleology derives from the Greek root telos,
  meaning goal, purpose or end, and logos, meaning
  study.) For example, from a teleological
  perspective, adolescence is a stage of
  development on the way to mature adulthood.
• Empiricism a theory that says that knowledge
  comes from experience, or from evidence that can
  be perceived by the senses.
• Subjective relating to a persons own perception
  and understanding of a reality arising from the
  individuals own mind, feelings, and perceptions.
• Objective relating to a sensible experience that
  is independent of any one individuals thought,
  and that can be perceived by others.

4
Definitions

• Ethics A discipline that deals with the nature
  of the good, the nature of the human person, and
  criteria that we use for making right judgements.
  
• Morality A system of right conduct based on
  fundamentals beliefs and obligation to follow
  certain codes, norms, customs and habits of
  behaviour. A system of ideas of right and wrong
  conducts religious morality Christian morality.
• Obligation What one is bound by duty or contract
  to do.
• Responsibility Being morally accountable for
  ones actions. Responsibility presumes knowledge,
  freedom, and the ability to choose and to act.
• Revelation The ways that God makes himself known
  to humankind. God is fully revealed in Jesus
  Christ. The sacred Scriptures, proclaimed within
  the Church, are the revealed Word of God. God
  also reveals self through people and indeed
  through all of creation.
• Autonomy independence or freedom, as of the will
  or one's actions the autonomy of the individual.
  To be a law unto oneself.

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Definitions

• Deontological ethics the branch of ethics
  dealing with right action and the nature of duty,
  without regard to the goodness or value of
  motives or the desirability of the ends of any
  act. 
• Desire to wish or long for crave want. 
• Duty something that one is expected or required
  to do by moral or legal obligation. 
• Good morally excellent virtuous righteous
  pious. 
• Passion any powerful or compelling emotion or
  feeling, as love or hate.
• Universal Law Act according to those maxims that
  are universally accepted. Eg. Murder is wrong.

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Definitions

• Action the realization of the power of human
  freedom
• Agent - one who acts freely accountable for
  their acts or omissions
• Determinism human behaviour is a product not
  freewill. Many influences on who we are
  (physical, social, cultural, etc.)
• Free Will - the ability to act or make choices as
  a free and autonomous being and not solely as a
  result of compulsion or predestination
• Freedom the human capacity to choose and act
• Intention something that somebody plans to do
  or achieve
• Logical Positivism if anything has meaning, it
  must have some kind of sensory experience to back
  it up
• Motive the reason for doing something or
  behaving in a particular way
• Predestination my behaviour is predetermined
  either by God or someone else
• Responsibility this is the link between
  action, agent, freedom, knowledge, and
  capability
• 11. Providence the creative, sustaining and
  transforming self-gift of God that is constantly
  being poured out for us.

7
Definitions

• 11. Providence Gods divine guidance or care,
  it maintains human freedom and free will because
  a relationship with God requires our
  participation
• 12. Grace - the creative, sustaining and
  transforming self-gift of God that is constantly
  being poured out for us.
• 12. Strong AI - believe that one day, computers
  may be able to think at a level equal to humans.
• 13. Weak AI - believe that it is possible that
  computers can simulate some thinking-life
  features, but no more
• 14. Naturalism understands the material
  universe as a unified system with a chain of
  cause and effect situations. Everything can be
  explained through biological processes.
• 15. Practical Reasoning - moves beyond scientific
  and empirical knowledge to the moral dimension
  guiding human behaviour. What we ought to do.
• 16. Theoretical Reasoning - the area of
  reasoning where we come to know how the laws of
  nature, the laws of cause and effect, govern
  human behaviour.
• 17. Utilitarianism The greatest good for the
  greatest number of people is what is right/good.