BASIC GOALS OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION REFORM IN CROATIA

1
BASIC GOALS OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION REFORM IN
CROATIA

• Unit 10

2
Preview

• Europeanization guiding principles
• Modernization administrative doctrines
• Weberian model standards
• Traditional values
• New values
• Legal terms
• Translation

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Basic goals

• Europeanisation
• modernisation

4
Guiding principles

• The rule of law
• Principle of subsidiarity
• Principle of transparency, etc.

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Subsidiarity

• A principle of EU introduced by Article 32 of the
  Maastricht Treaty
• in areas which do not fall within he exclusive
  competence of the EU, it shall not take action
  unless the objectives of the proposed action
  cannot be adequately achieved by individual
  member states.

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Subsidiarity

• provides for legislation at national level EU
  measures are not required.

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Rule of law

•  1. Laws must exist and should be obeyed by all,
  including government officials.
• 2.    Laws must be published. 

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Rule of law

• 3.    Laws must be prospective in nature so that
  the effect of the law may only take place after
  the law has been passed (e.g. the court cannot
  convict a person of a crime committed before a
  criminal statute prohibiting the conduct was
  passed). 

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Rule of law

• 4.    Laws should be written with reasonable
  clarity to avoid unfair enforcement.
• 5.    Law must avoid contradictions.  
• 6.    Law must not command the impossible

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Rule of law

• 7.    Law must stay constant through time to
  allow the formalization of rules it also must
  allow for timely revision when the underlying
  social and political circumstances have changed. 
  
• 8.    Official action should be consistent with
  the declared rule. 

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Weberian model of public administration

• organized,
• well-documented
• impartial
• ethical
• professional
• efficient

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Traditional values of public administration

• Democratic political values
• Legal values
• Social values

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Democratic political values

• Political legitimacy
• Political accountability
• Responsiveness to citizens interests and wishes
• Publicness
• Transparency of administration
• Availability

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Legal values

• The rule of law
• Legality
• Legal scrutiny
• Equality in administrative procedure

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Legal values

• Impartiality
• Protection of human and citizens rights
• Fair administrative procedures
• Legal responsibility of public administration
• Judicial supervision of public administration

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Social values

• Social justice,
• solidarity,
• Social sensitivity
• Welfare
• Compassion
• Assistance, etc.

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Economic values

• Efficiency
• Economy
• Effectiveness

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New values

• Education, expertise and professionalism
• Subsidiarity and decentralisation
• Morality, impartiality and non-corruptness

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New values

• Quality of public services
• Co-ordination, horizontal networking and
  computerization
• Entrepreneurship, competitiveness and market
  orientation

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Legal terms

• Subsidiarity
• Ovlasti djelovanja samo kad je ono uspješnije od
  djelovanja na nacionalnoj razini
• Accountability
• Odgovornost
• Impartiality
• nepristranost

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Legal tems

• Adjust
• Prilagoditi
• Adopt
• Prihvatiti
• Implement
• Provesti, primijeniti, izvršiti

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Legal terms

• Availability
• Raspoloživost, dostupnost
• Legitimacy
• zakonitost

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Put the verbs in brackets into appropriate forms

• The Constitution of 1990 ___(introduce) the
  semi-presidential system based on the French
  model. From 1990 to 2001, public administration
  in Croatia ___(develop) in the
• conditions of etatization, centralisation and
  politicisation of an authoritarian type. Besides
• an ever-increasing number of civil servants, the
  characteristics of these period ___(be) an
• insufficient level of professionalism of
  administrative personnel and politicization of
• administrative services.

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• The space for administrative-technical
  principles, expertise and
• professionalism ___(limit, passive). Democratic
  political values ___(repress, passive), while law
  ____(regard, passive) as the mere instrument of
  politics. The lack of co-ordination _____
  (compensate, passive) for by arbitrary, ad hoc
  political interventions. Political-administrative
  system ___(close, passive) and bureaucratised,
  imbued with the climate of secrecy

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Key

• The Constitution of 1990 introduced the
  semi-presidential system based on the French
  model. From 1990 to 2001, public administration
  in Croatia developed in the
• conditions of etatization, centralisation and
  politicisation of an authoritarian type. Besides
  an ever-increasing number of civil servants, the
  characteristics of these period were an
  insufficient level of professionalism of
  administrative personnel and politicization of
• administrative services. The space for
  administrative-technical principles, expertise
  and professionalism was limited.

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Key

• Democratic political values were repressed, while
  law was regarded as the mere instrument of
  politics. The lack of co-ordination was
  compensated
• for by arbitrary, ad hoc political interventions.
  Political-administrative system was closed and
  bureaucratised, imbued with the climate of
  secrecy

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Fill in the missing words administrative,
customs, executed, foreign, frequency, poorly,
reform

• Before the first significant ____ of the
  territorial ___system in 1993, the Croatian state
  administration had passed through a number of
  frequent changes and ___ conceived and
  ____reorganizations characterised by political
  voluntarism. The ___of such reorganisations was
  partly caused by the necessity of creating the
  new administrative organizations in a new State
  (___ affairs, defense, ___service, etc.).

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central, civil, criteria, governments,
opposition, screening, socialist

• The strong communes, inherited from ___Croatia
  either became the central ___obedient servants,
  or established themselves as the focal points of
  a strong___, even resistance to the ___
  government. Rigorous ____ took place in the ranks
  of the state and local ___servants and personnel
  in the public services based on political,
  national and similar ___.

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Key

• Before the first significant reform of the
  territorial administrative system in 1993,the
  Croatian state administration had passed through
  a number of frequent changes andpoorly conceived
  and executed reorganizations characterised by
  political voluntarism.The frequency of such
  reorganisations was partly caused by the
  necessity of creating thenew administrative
  organizations in a new State (foreign affairs,
  defense, customs service, etc.).

30
Key

• The strong communes, inherited from socialist
  Croatia either became the central governments
  obedient servants, or established themselves as
  the focal points of a strong opposition, even
  resistance to the central government. Rigorous
  screening took place in the ranks of the state
  and local civil servants and personnel in the
  public services based on political, national and
  similar criteria.

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central, considerably, Constitution,
constitutional, decentralisation, local,
self-government

• The Revisions of the ___of 2000 (NN 41/01) marked
  the beginning of the ___process. The new
  ___provisions meant a radical turn they___
  constrained the powers of the ___ government by
  granting citizens the
• right to local and regional ___, and by accepting
  the concept of ___self government as a
  counterbalance to the central government.

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Charter, legislature, public ratification,
regional, subsidiarity, transferred

• The Croatian ___began to harmonize the relevant
  provisions of the domestic law with the European
  ___of Local Self-Government more than three years
  after its ___. The Constitution ___the
  responsibility for certain groups of ___ affairs
  to local and regional units as a real substratum
  of the citizens right to local and
  __self-government and accepted the principle of
  ___and solidarity

33
Key

• The Revisions of the Constitution of 2000 (NN
  41/01) marked the beginning of the
  decentralisation process. The new constitutional
  provisions meant a radical turn they
  considerably constrained the powers of the
  central government by granting citizens the
• right to local and regional self-government, and
  by accepting the concept of local self government
  as a counterbalance to the central government.

34
Key

• The Croatian legislature began to harmonize the
  relevant provisions of the domestic law with the
  European Charter of Local Self-Government more
  than three years after its ratification. The
  Constitution transferred the responsibility for
  certain groups of public affairs to local and
  regional units as a real substratum of the
  citizens right to local and regional
• self-government and accepted the principle of
  subsidiarity and solidarity

35
Translation

• Osnovni ciljevi reforme javne uprave u Hrvatskoj
  su europeizacija i modernizacija. U procesu
  pridruživanja EU, Hrvatska se mora prilagoditi
  europskom iskustvu javne uprave i prihvatiti
  upravne standarde koji se šire europskim upravnim
  prostorom u nastajanju.

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Translation

• Europski standardi javne uprave obicno nisu
  pisani manje se bave konkretnom strukturom,
  organizacijom i velicinom javne uprave, a više
  njezinim osobinama i sposobnošcu provedbe
  europske pravne stecevine.

37
Translation

• U vecini slucajeva, govorimo o iskustvu koje se
  katkada prenosi u smjernice, kao što je vladavina
  prava,nacelo supsidijarnosti, nacelo
  transparentnosti, itd. Gradani se postavljaju u
  prvi plan i nacini vodenja politike su usmjereni
  prema rezultatima.

38
Translation

• Program SIGMA (zajednicka inicijativa OECD-a i
  EU) postigao je odredenu konkretizaciju kriterija
  za utvrdivanje upravne sposobnosti, no ti su
  kriteriji još uvijek samo okvirni.

39
Translation

• Modernizacija znaci dublje promjene u strukturama
  i procesima u javnoj upravi koje nalaze poticaj u
  današnjim utjecajnim upravnim doktrinama novog
  javnog managementa i dobrog upravljanja. Buduci
  da hrvatska javna uprava još nije dostigla
  standarde niti tradicionalnog weberijanskog
  modela organizirane, dobro dokumentirane,
  nepristrane, eticne, profesionalne i ucinkovite
  javne uprave, treci cilj reforme mora ukljuciti
  upravni razvoj utemeljen na tradicionalnom modelu.

40
Translation

• Vrijednosti koje treba ukljuciti i poštovati u
  modernoj javnoj upravi su tradicionalne i nove.
  Tradicionalne su se vrijednosti utvrdile tijekom
  prošlog razvoja.

41
Translation

• To su demokratske politicke vrijednosti
  (politicki legitimitet, politicka odgovornost
  izabranih zastupnika, sposobnost udovoljavanja
  potrebama i željama gradana, javnost i
  transparentnost uprave, dostupnost, itd.), pravne
  vrijednosti (vladavina prava, zakonitost, pravna
  sigurnost, jednakost u upravnom postupku,
  nepristranost, zaštita gradanskih i ljudskih
  prava, pošteni upravni postupci, pravna
  odgovornost javne uprave materijalna,
  disciplinska i kaznena, sudski nadzor nad javnom
  upravom), društvene vrijednosti (društvena
  pravda, solidarnost, društvena osjetljivost,
  socijalna skrb, briga za dobrobit gradana,
  suosjecanje, pomoc gradanima, itd.) i ekonomske
  vrijednosti (ucinkovitost, ekonomicnost,
  uspješnost).

42
Translation

• Nove, ili ponovo otkrivene vrijednosti su
  obrazovanje, strucnost i profesionalizam
  supsidijarnost i decentralizacija moralnost,
  nepristranost i nekorumpiranost kvaliteta javnih
  uslugakoordinacija, uspostavljanje horizontalnih
  mreža i kompjuterizacija poduzetništvo, tržišno
  natjecanje i tržišna orijentacija.