Contribution to EU fusion programme 2012 - 2020

1
Contribution to EU fusion programme 2012 - 2020

• Association EURATOM-MHEST
• Milan Cercek, HRU

2
Contributions from SFA

• Objective 1 Secure ITER operation
• - EFDA ITER physics
• EFDA JET S/T
• EFDA Public Information
• Objective 2 Prepare Generation ITER
• Objective 3 Fusion Power Plants
• - EFDA PPPT

3
Support ITER construction

• F4E grants (consortia)
• - Nuclear data
• - TBM
• F4E procurements
• SME SFA
• - Cosylab, Ljubljana CODAC (IO),
• Further interest in instrumentation, plasma
  control, remote handling
• - LECAD, ULjubljana special tools (EFDA
  Technology TA - LOMAC)

4
Secure ITER operation

• EFDA ITER Physics
• PWI several areas, 8ppy
• More specific to Microanalytical Center, Jozef
  Stefan Institute
• 1 We are very much interested in continuing the
  coordinated studies of samples from tokamaks or
  other relevant experiments by ion beam analytical
  methods. Our experimental facility is
  continuously upgraded and we are providing ERDA
  and NRA techniques with macro (1mm) and micro (lt
  5 micrometer) beam besides other IBA methods.
  Restrictions.
• 2 A substantial construction project of
  incorporating an ultrahigh brightness multicusp
  H- ion source into our 2MV Tandem accelerator is
  under way. This will provide high brightness high
  energy H beam, high energy H0 and high
  brightness low energy H- beam for analytical
  purposes, surface reaction and material damage
  studies.
• 3 Interest in in-depth understanding of surface
  reactions which we can continue to study by in
  situ IBA methods ERDA and RBS. Even we have
  restricted our previous studies (and interests)
  to the interaction of neutral atomic hydrogen (H
  and D) with surfaces we can now extend similar
  studies to incident ions as we recently purchased
  a micro-wave sputter ion gun.

5
Secure ITER operation

• EFDA ITER Physics
• PWI several areas (deposits removal)
• - Collaborations (CIEMAT, institutes outside
  of fusion programme)
• The work has been focused on the problem of
  hydro-carbon deposits. On one hand, we have been
  working on removing a-CH deposits by means of
  neutral oxygen atoms (development of suitable
  reactors, experiments with mixed a-C/WH
  deposits), while on the other hand we have been
  working on preventing the formation of a-CH
  deposits with the scavenger technique.
• Both branches of research have yielded
  satisfactory results, so work in the near future
  will be aimed at further developing the
  researched fuel removal techniques.
• As new materials candidates for PFCs are
  developed (such as SiC/SiC), we intend to focus
  our research on their interaction with neutral H
  atoms, as well as verification of their
  compatibility with existent cleaning methods.

6
Secure ITER operation

• EFDA ITER Physics
• PWI several areas (fuel retention, fuel
  permeation)

• Deuterium retention in Be-W mixed layers (ITER)
• Tritium barriers for DEMO
• - Selection of tritium permeation barrier
  materials should be revised since the last
  systematic reviews several new materials were
  synthesized and available data should be revised.
• - Barrier properties should be investigated
  regarding capability to be deposited over large
  areas.
• - They should be investigated by regular
  permeation tests at temperatures expected in
  DEMO.
• - Finally, the best candidate materials should be
  tested in radiation environments.

7
Secure ITER operation

• EFDA JET S/T (3ppy)
• Neutron transport modelling
• Neutron detector response
• Shielding
• Neutron activation studies
• Breeding ratio
• Evaluation of nuclear data (F4E)
• Uncertainties in neutron transp. calculations
  (F4E)
• Experimental uncertainties
• Nuclear data uncertainties

8
Secure ITER operation

• EFDA Public Information (3ppy)
• FUSION EXPO Support Action
• PI in Associations
• Permanent FUSION EXPO lectures
• together with NPP technolgy expo
• at Nuclear Technology Training Centre
• 8000 pupils/a
• The activity should continue in the next decade!

9
Prepare Generation ITER

• 2005 2011 first generation PhDs (6) with
  fusion theses, post docs (JSI) at JET, at
  universities in UK, Germany, IPP
• 2012 2020 FUSENET, similar fusion oriented
  courses, summer schools
• - only special subjects (general) at our unis
  and/or institute
• - expectations 15 20 during the whole
  decade

10
Fusion Power Plants

• EFDA PPPT, committed to collaborate with 4-gt6
  ppy/a
• Contribution to the development of DEMO divertor
  numerical analyses
• Mid-term  optimisation of TH performance
  prediction of thermal stress
• Long-term neutron irradiation effects, material
  degradation
• DEMO safety analyses (experience from NPP -30
  years)

11
Roadmap to fusion powerplantAnnex 3/II Input to
Facilities Review Panel Strengthening the
Materials RD Programme (support 10 ppy/a)
Fusion Power Plants
12
Q First Wall Blanket for DEMO (3ppy)

• Non-magnetic (? no interaction with magnetic
  field)
• Resistant and mechanically stable up to 1200 C
  (? high efficiency)
• Low-activation (? low radiactive wastes)
• No tritium retention
• Thermal conductivity

? SiC-based composite
(not relevant for ITER and thus in background)
CVI NITE SITE (EU)
13
SITE a process for forming fibre-reinforced
ceramics by slurry infiltration
Current state-of-art SiCf/SiC
3D composite with ß-SiC matrix and thermal
conductivity gtgt 30 W/mK To be done
optimisation testing
upscaling
Hybrid (W-SiC) routes SiCf/(SiC-W) (W-SiC)f/SiC
To be done ..
14
Fusion Power Plants

• Neutron transport modelling
• Neutron detector response
• Shielding
• Neutron activation studies
• Breeding ratio
• Evaluation of nuclear data (IAEA)
• Uncertainties in neutron transport calculations
• Experimental uncertainties
• Nuclear data uncertainties
• Nuclear safety