The Swiss Association vision for the period 2012-2020

1
The Swiss Association vision for the period
2012-2020

• Presented by M. Q. Tran
• on behalf of the CRPP

2
Plan

• Introduction
• Experimental plasma physics activities TCV and
  Torpex
• Theory and modeling
• Technology activities in support of ITER and DEMO
• Conclusion

3
Introduction

• The CRPP was founded in May 1961
• Since its foundation, it has developed unique
  expertise in many fields which are of high
  relevancy for the development of ITER and DEMO
• The strategy of the Association is to develop
  these fields along the four lines identified for
  the programme
• Construction of ITER
• Secure ITER operation
• Prepare Generation ITER
• Fusion power plant (DEMO)

4
The Tokamak à Configuration Variable TCV
General TCV mission contribute to physics basis
for -ITER scenarios -DEMO design -tokamak
concept improvement

• R 0.9m a 0.25m
• BT 1.5T Ip 1.2MA
• 16 independent shaping coils
• 4.5 MW ECW system
• 1 lt elongation lt 2.8
• -0.7 lt triangularity lt 1

5
TCV research avenues

• Advanced scenarios with steady-state internal
  transport barriers and large non-inductive and
  bootstrap currents
• Physics of H-mode, including ELM-free H-mode with
  X3
• Transport, intrinsic rotation and turbulence
• Physics of Electron Cyclotron Heating and Current
  Drive
• Real time control of plasma and heating systems,
  including new plasma shapes and configurations
• Plasma edge physics
• Common aspect use of TCV unique capabilities
  (shape, EC, real time capabilities)

5
6
TCV upgrades

• TCV in operation since 1992, EC heating since
  2000
• To enhance relevancy of results for burning
  plasma studies, TCV should achieve
• Higher bN, wide range of Te/Ti, lower
  collisionality
• This would require
• Enhancements in heating systems
• NBI (up to 3x1MW D injectors, Eb25keV)
• X3 power upgrade (up to 3x1MW new gyrotrons)
• Improvements in plasma control, in particular for
  ELMs
• In-vessel RMP coils
• Modification of in-vessel components (LFS tiles)

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Future role of TCV

• ITER physics support, scenario development
• Wider areas of parameter space, physics of Te/Ti
  variations (including TiTe) with electron
  heating
• Unique input to understand electron-ion coupled
  turbulence
• Move advanced and baseline scenarios into reactor
  relevant range
• H-modes with TiTe, bN gt2.5, H98gt1.5
• Control strategies/validation for sawteeth, NTMs,
  RWM, ELMs
• ITER technology support
• Control hardware and software
• Concept improvements (beyond ITER)
• New shapes tested in more reactor relevant
  conditions for stability and confinement (H-mode,
  b, Ti/Te1)
• Education
• TCV will remain a prolific source of high quality
  fusion scientists

8
Basic plasma physics

• Goal Advance understanding of fundamental
  phenomena in magnetized plasma with link between
  fusion, theory, space and solar physics
• Characterization of turbulence and underlying
  wave phenomena
• Physics and control of turbulence structures
  (blobs)
• Studies of the plasma boundary edge sheaths and
  impact of neutrals on turbulence
• Interaction between suprathermal ions and
  turbulence

The TORPEX device

• Use of TORPEX with magnetic field structure of
  increasing complexity, from simple magnetized
  plasma to tokamak-like and 3D
• Full validation platform for numerical models in
  view of fusion experiments
• Basic approach particularly adapted for education
  thanks to hands-on experimentation and
  theory-experiment synergies

9
Theory, first-principles present status
TCV, JET, TORPEX,
Turbulence
Operational regimes
TCV, JET,
W7X, LHD, RFX,
Concept improvement
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Theory numerical code developments

• State-of-the-art, massively parallel codes
• Developed in-house and in collaboration
• ? Expertise retention
• HPC Platforms
• HPC-FF, IFERC PetaFlops ? Exascale

Turbulence
Operational regimes
Concept improvement

• Algorithmic developments, code refactoring,
  optimization

11
Theory the roadmap
ITER relevant studies
DEMO relevant studies
12
Activities in support of ITER construction and in
preparation of DEMO (1)

• Superconductivity based on SULTAN and EDIPO
• - ITER conductor qualification
• - DEMO conductor development (low or high Tc)
• Material science for DEMO using hot laboratories
  and state-of-the art tools (TEM, FIB, nano
  indenter, testing machines) dedicated for active
  material
• - Steel and refractory material development,
  before and after irradiation characterization
• - Development of IFMIF test cell and testing
  methods (Small Sample Test Technology) (presently
  under BA Voluntary Contribution)
• - Modeling of radiation damage and effects

13
Activities in support of ITER construction and in
preparation of DEMO (2)

• Electron cyclotron wave system development (EU CW
  2 MW gyrotron test stand)
• - Sources (ITER and DEMO)
• - Launchers (ITER)
• - Physics of ECW interaction with plasma ( ECRH,
  ECCD, instabilities control)
• Magnetic diagnostics and Plasma control
• Physics issues for DEMO

14
International and other activities

• Participation in JET scientific exploitation
• Participation in HPC activities ( EU HPC and
  IFERC)
• Participation in ITPA
• Collaboration with the European and international
  partners
• Technology transfer to industry

15
Education and Training

• The CRPP is one of the few institutions involved
  in fusion research in Europe that is part of an
  academic system
• Most staff indirectly involved in education
  (including technicians)
• Several individuals are directly involved in
  education
• 2 Full Professors, 1 Assistant Professor and 2
  Adjunct Professors
• 11 Maîtres denseignements et de recherche, 10
  senior physicists
• 35-40 graduate students (acting as assistants)
• Education is one of CRPP primary missions
• Bachelor Master in Physics and Nuclear
  Engineering
• 6 courses on Plasma Physics and Fusion, including
  on material science
• 3rd and 4th year laboratory projects, Master
  projects
• PhD (PhD students are active in research 7.5
  graduates per year)
• 8 courses on Plasma Physics and Fusion, including
  material science
• Post-graduate
• EU Marie Curie, Fusion Excellence Fellows,
  European Fusion Goal Oriented Training Scheme
  (Tokamak operation, EC heating, plasma theory,
  materials, superconductivity, quality assurance)

16
Conclusion

• The Swiss Association programmatic lines are
  based on the strengths developed in the last
  twenty years
• They are all in line with the proposed main
  orientation of the programme

17

• Thank you for your attention

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Reserve pictures of TCV
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Present ECW launch system
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Inside view of TCV
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Time line of theory and modeling activities
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TORPEX, TCV
TORPEX
Tokamak edge turbulence simulation
L-H transition, ELM dynamics
TORPEX turbulence simulation
Integrated tokamak turbulence model
TCV
TCV
ITB, el. transport
momentum
Tokamak core turbulence simulation
Inclusion of neoclassical effects
Integrated tokamak model with self-consistent
heating and 3D effects
Fast particle effects on turbulence
Turbulence driven fast particle dynamics
JET
RF heating, fast particle
Sawthooth control, infernal modes
Advanced tokamak scenario
fast particle effects on MHD
JET
3D effects on ELM, ripple,
3D effects in tokamaks
MHD, 3D configuration
DEMO relevant studies
Advanced 3D configuration
LHD, RFX, W7X
2020
TODAY