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Beef Cattle Industry

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Title: Beef Cattle Industry


1
Beef Cattle Industry
2
  • Beef cattle industry produces more than 45 of
    total cash receipts from all livestock products
  • Decline in consumption of beef is linked to a
    drop in the beef supply and increasing prices for
    beef because people think it is high in
    cholesterol
  • Very little beef is imported or exported out of
    the US
  • Texas and Kansas make up 50 of the feedlots

3
The demand for beef depends on
  • the of people
  • income per person
  • changes in peoples meat preferences

4
Advantages for raising beef
  • beef use roughages for feed that would be wasted
  • low labor requirements
  • small capital investment
  • low death losses
  • beef adapt for use in small and large operations
  • high demand for meat

5
Disadvantages
  • cattle feeding is a high risk business
  • not efficient converters of concentrated feeds
    into meat
  • takes longer to
  • increase herd
  • high capital
  • investment

6
3 types of beef cattle production systems
  • cow-calf producers
  • purebred breeders
  • cattle feeders

7
Desirable conformation of beef animals
  • long, trim, deep-sided body
  • no excess fat on the brisket, foreflank, or
    hindflank
  • no extra hide around the throat, dewlap, or
    sheath
  • heavily muscled forearm
  • proper height to the point of the shoulder
  • correct muscling
  • maximum development of the round, rump, loin, and
    rib

8
Ultrasonics
  • use of high-frequency sound waves to measure fat
    thickness and loin-eye area
  • use when selecting breeding animals

9
Performance testing records are used to
  • cull low-producing cows
  • check calf crop
  • select replacement cattle
  • measure bull productivity
  • improve herd management
  • improve the grade of calves produced
  • increase weaning weight
  • give buyers more information
  • provide permanent records

10
Pedigree
  • record of the ancestors of an animal

11
EPD (Expected Progeny Difference)
  • measure of the degree of difference between the
    progeny of the bull and the progeny of the
    average bull of the breed in the trait being
    measured
  • usually given in a or value

12
(No Transcript)
13
Feeding Cattle
  • Typical roughages pasture, hay, silage, straw,
    corncobs, and other crop residue
  • Corn Silage widely used as a roughage feed for
    beef herds
  • Alfalfa most common roughage in Midwest and West

14
  • Coastal Bermuda grass more common in southern
    coastal states
  • Native range grass utilized in western states

15
Feeding Cattle Cont.
  • Less common roughages
  • Oats straw, barley straw, and wheat straw
  • Cottonseed hulls, peanut hulls, oat hulls, rice
    hulls
  • Grasses for pasture hay
  • Fescue, orchard grass, reed canary grass, smooth
    brome grass, Kentucky, bluegrass, perennial
    ryegrass, timothy, redtop, Bahia, dallies, and
    Sudan.

16
Feeding Cattle Cont.
  • Legumes red clover, alsike clover, sercea,
    lespedeza, peanut hay, sweat clover, cowpeas,
    soybean hay
  • Roughages provide the cheapest source of energy
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