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Baroque Music 1600-1760

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Baroque Music 1600-1760 Centered in Germany Elaborate, complex techniques Many cantatas, concertos oratorios and some operas Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750) – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Baroque Music 1600-1760


1
Baroque Music 1600-1760
  • Centered in Germany
  • Elaborate, complex techniques
  • Many cantatas, concertos oratorios and some
    operas
  • Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750)
  • (Mass in B Minor, St. Matthews Passion)
  • George Frederick Handel (1685-1759)
  • (Famous for his oratorio the Messiah)

2
Classical Music (1730-1820)
  • Shift to Austria
  • Greater use of orchestras and operas
  • Franz Joseph Haydn (1732-1809) Master of the
    symphony
  • 104 symphonies
  • Two oratorios The Creation and the Seasons

3
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791)
  • Child prodigy who lived to compose numerous
    operas, concertos, and symphonies
  • Operas such as the Marriage of Figaro, Don
    Giovanni, and the Magic Flute

4
Development of the Novel
  • Decisive time in the development of the novel
  • Samuel Richardson
  • Pamela or, Virtue Rewarded (1740)
  • Henry Fielding
  • The History of Tom Jones (1749)
  • Daniel Defoe
  • Robinson Crusoe (1719)

5
Enlightenment History
  • 1. Removed God even more than the humanists did
  • 2. Focused on other components besides politics
  • 3. Note Voltaires The Age of Louis XIV
  • 4. Viewed history as a way to civilize their
    society. Criticized religious influences--note
    Gibbons Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire.
    First modern historian.

6
The High Culture of the Eighteenth Century
  • Whats the difference between high and low?
  • Characteristics
  • Increased readership and publishing. How does
    this lead to independence for authors?

7
  • Development of magazines and newspapers for the
    general public
  • Joseph Addison and Richard Steeles Spectator
  • Female Spectator
  • First newspaper in London (1702) by 1780 37
    towns had their own papers
  • Education and Universities--schools shifted focus
  • Realschule in Berlin in 1747.
  • Wear did most scientific discoveries occur?

8
Crime and Punishment
  • Punishment in the eighteenth century--shift from
    brutal torture to a system of rehabilitation
  • Cesare Beccaria (1738-1794), On Crimes and
    Punishments
  • Punishment should serve only as deterrent
  • Punishment moved away from spectacle towards
    rehabilitation

9
World of Medicine
  • University of Leiden replaced the U of Padua in
    the early 17th-c U. of Vienna then rose to
    prominence
  • Royal College of Physicians--few physicians
    licensed
  • Barber-surgeons separated in the 18th century.
    Surgeons began to be licensed.
  • Apothecaries, midwives, and faith
    healers--medical care for the common people
  • Hospital conditions--not good.

10
Popular Culture
  • Festivals, carnivals, and fairs--carnival
  • Gathering places
  • Taverns and Alcohol
  • The gap between high culture and popular
    culture-- upper class abandoned popular culture
    between 1500 and 1800

11
  • Literacy and Primary Education
  • Spread of literacy--increase among the urban
    populations, especially the middle and upper
    class
  • State-supported primary schools Volkschulen in
    the Austrian Empire and some schools in
    Protestant countries (Scotland, Saxony, Swiss
    cantons, etc. )
  • Hannah More

12
Enlightement Art, etc. Part 2
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