An Agriscience Lesson Plan: Protein Needs

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An Agriscience Lesson PlanProtein Needs
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Objectives

• Understand the amounts and kinds of protein
  needed in feeding livestock
• Learn the essential amino acids and their
  functions

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Important factors in feeding protein

• The amount of protein
• The quality of protein
• The compliment of amino acids in protein
• Can feed less of high quality protein and vice
  versa

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Excess Protein

• No danger in over feeding protein, but it is
  usually the most expensive part of the feed
• Once the animal has consumed all the protein
  needed for cell construction, muscle, fetal
  growth, etc., the rest is broken down for energy
• Carbohydrates are a cheaper source of energy

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Ten essential amino acids

• Arginine
• Histidine
• Isoleucine
• Leucine
• Lysine

• Methionine
• Phenylalanine
• Threonine
• Tryptophan
• Valine

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Amino Acids

• The ten essential amino acids are those which are
  not made in the body or not made in sufficient
  amounts and have to be supplemented in feed
• A pneumonic for remembering the essential amino
  acids is PVT. TIM HALL

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Factors in the requirements of amino acids for
animals

• The kind of animal
• Function of the animal (ie. Work, weight, etc.
• Amino acids essential for growth are not
  essential for maintaining the animal

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Protein in the rations of ruminants

• All of the essential amino acids are made in
  ruminants by the rumen bacteria from simple forms
  of Nitrogen in the feed
• The bacterial protein may provide all of the
  essential amino acids even though they are
  lacking in the feed the ruminant eats

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Urea

• Used as a protein substitute for ruminants
• Source of Nitrogen that rumen bacteria can use to
  make protein
• Urea is used only in ruminant rations, it is
  toxic to monogastrics

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Protein from animals

• Fish meal
• Meat and bone meal
• milk
• blood meal

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Protein from plants

• Soybean oil meal
• Soybeans
• Cottonseed meal
• Canola
• Legumes

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Protein and maturity of the animal

• Young animals have a greater need for protein
  because they are building new tissue as they grow
• Lactation and pregnancy require higher amounts of
  protein
• As animals mature the daily feed intake increases
  and the protein concentration decreases

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Web sites

• Www.galaxy.com
• nal.usda.gov.com
• www.ag.usask.ca/
• public.gov.nf.ca/