HOLOCAUST

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HOLOCAUST

• Objective
• SWBAT Describe stages of the Holocaust. Define
  key terms. Discuss the role of bystander during
  the Holocaust. Understand the United States role
  in the Holocaust by reading and discussing how
  much people knew about the Holocaust at the time.

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Wednesday 2/29/2012

• R.A.P.- Please answer one or both questions.
• Describe a time when you spoke out against an
  injustice.
• What inspired you to act?
• Describe a time when you did not speak out
  against an injustice.
• Why didnt you act?

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The Holocaust
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TERMS

• Holocaust
• The systematic, bureaucratic annihilation of six
  million Jews by the Nazi regime during WWII.
  Over six million people of the Jewish heritage
  and approximately 5,000,000 others including Roma
  Gypsies, Serbs, Polish intelligents, resistance
  fighters, and opponents of Nazism, homosexuals,
  Jehovahs Witnesses, habitual criminals, the
  physically and mentally disabled, and the poor
  and homeless were killed.

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• Genocide
• means any of the following acts committed with
  intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a
  national, ethnical, racial or religious group, as
  such (a) Killing members of the group (b)
  Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members
  of the group (c) Deliberately inflicting on the
  group conditions of life calculated to bring
  about its physical destruction in whole or in
  part (d) Imposing measures intended to prevent
  births within the group (e) Forcibly
  transferring children of the group to another
  group.
• (geno-, from the Greek word for race or tribe,
  with -cide, from the Latin word for killing)

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TERMS cont.

• 3. Anti-Semitism-
• Policies, views, or actions that harm or
  discriminate against Jews.
• Has plagued the world for more than 2,000 years.

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TERMS cont.

• Indifference / Bystander-
• somebody who is indifferent or nearby but not
  involved during WWII many people stood by
  watching the campaign against Jews and others
  without trying to help prevent the murder of
  millions.
• Why?

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Stages of the Holocaust

• As you take notes on the timeline of the
  Holocaust, please think about how people in
  Germany, Europe, and the United States could have
  helped prevent the Holocaust from happening.

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Stages of the Holocaust

• 1933-
• Hitler is elected
• Boycott of Jewish Businesses -isolates Jews both
  socially and economically from German society.
• 1935
• Nuremburg Laws Laws are passed depriving German
  Jews of their citizenship and banning marriages
  between Jews and non-Jews. Forced to wear a
  yellow Star of David.

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Stage of the Holocaust cont.

• 1938
• Kristallnacht Nazi official unleash a savage
  nationwide campaign of terror against Germanys
  Jewish population. Many Jews are killed and
  hundreds of Jewish shops and synagogues are
  destroyed. 30,000 Jews are arrested and sent to
  prison camp.
• 1939
• Jewish Ghettos Ghettos, or confined areas within
  a city are established in occupied eastern
  Europe. Jews from throughout Europe are forced
  from their homes and required to live in Ghettos.

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Stages of the Holocaust cont.

• 1942-1945
• Deportations throughout Europe Nazis
  systematically round up Jews throughout Europe
  and transport them to death camps in Eastern
  Europe.
• Final Solution Nazi officials agree to move
  forward with a plan to kill all European Jews.
  Death camps are built specifically for this
  purpose deportations of Jews throughout Europe
  begin.
• 1944-1945
• Liberation Allied troops liberate, or free,
  approximately 300,000 Jews from the concentration
  and death camps.

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How much did people know?

• How did the U.S. respond?
• What did the people and the government of the
  U.S. know about the death camps, ghettos, and
  marches?

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People who did help

• Varian Fry
• a 32 year old Harvard-educated editor from New
  York City, helped save thousands of endangered
  refugees who were caught in the Vichy French zone
  escape from Nazi terror during World War II. Yet
  this man, known as "the American Schindler," died
  in obscurity, without recognition, having been
  reprimanded by the US government for his actions.
  
• War Refugee Board
• board representatives managed to help save the
  lives of approximately 200,000 European Jews but
  could have saved hundreds of thousands more.
• Jehovah witnesses and others who risked their
  lives to hide Jewish people.
• Guards, Schindler, etc.

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One Survivor Remembers

• As you watch this documentary, on Gerda
  Weissmann, please pay attention to the different
  stages of the Holocaust. (38 minutes)
• Answer these questions in your notes as you
  watch.
• Who helped Gerda Weissmann during this terrible
  time?
• How did Gerdas dad help Gerda?
• Describe Gerdas life in the camps.
• Who found Gerda and the other ladies?

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United Nations on Genocide

• United Nations Pledged to never let this happen
  again. The Convention confirms that genocide,
  whether committed in time of peace or war, is a
  crime under international law which parties to
  the Convention undertake to prevent and to
  punish (article 1). The primary responsibility
  to prevent and stop genocide lies with the State
  in which this crime takes place.

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GENOCIDES

• Genocides after WWII

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Closure

• Never Again by Wu Tang
• Schindler's List clips
• Write a paragraph describing what you think led
  to the Holocaust and how you think it could have
  been prevented.
• What do you think individuals, communities,
  countries, and the world should do, if anything,
  to prevent genocides from continuing to happen.

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U.S. responses to the Holocaust

• Each group will read a response to the Holocaust
  by different groups in the U.S.
• Please discuss these questions with your group
  and then one person will share the following
  questions with the class
• Who or what group was in your reading?
• What was their response to the information
  received on the Holocaust?
• Why do you think they responded this way?
• How do you think they could have responded?