Ireland in the early 20th century.

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Ireland in the early 20th century.

• Must be able to explain each of the following
  terms
• -Nationalists
• -Republicans
• -Unionists
• -Home Rule
• -IRB
• -Anglicisation
• -Cultural Revival
• -IGTWU
• -Lockout
• Be able to define what Home Rule was, and be able
  to describe the reaction of the Unionists when
  Home Rule seemed likely.
• Possible Paragraph Questions The Home Rule
  Crisis 1912-1914 (10/12 marks)

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Nationalists -Wanted freedom from British
Parliament. -Wanted Home rule with own
parliament in Dublin for local affairs (e.g.
health, education) -Allow Westminster to govern
foreign affairs. -Home Rule party represented
these people, led by John Redmond. -Majority
were Catholics.
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Republicans -People who wanted an Irish
republic independent from British rule. -Some
republicans pledged to use violence to achieve
the republic. Were part of a secret
organisation called the IRB-Leaders Thomas
Clarke and Sean Mac Dermot.
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Unionists -Wanted Ireland to be a part of the
United Kingdom. -Majority were Protestants.
-Home Rule is Rome Rule.-Represented by
Unionist Party. Leaders James Craig and Edward
Carson.

• Edward Carson James Craig

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• Liberal Party in Britain had tried to introduce
  Home Rule in Ireland but had failed.
• When they were in power again in 1906 they were
  slow to try again.
• In the 1910 election Herbert Asquith needed the
  support of the Home Rule party to stay in power.

You give us Home Rule and we will support you!
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Parliament Act 1911

• House of Lords
• House of Commons
• People

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Parliament Act 1911

• Before Home Rule could become law, the House of
  Lords could stop it (veto).
• King George felt it was unfair that the House of
  Lords could stop a law that had been passed in
  the House of Commons.
• Parliament Act 1911 Allowed the House of Laws to
  veto a law for two years but if it came before
  them the third year, they had to pass it.
• Q What did this mean for Home Rule?

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Unionists were appalled!

• Led demonstrations
• Signed the Solemn League and Covenant
  promising that they would use any means possible
  to prevent Home Rule.
• UVF (Ulster Volunteer Force) set up to oppose
  Home Rule.
• Larne Gun Running In Larne, Co. Antrim, guns and
  ammunition were imported by the UVF.

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Nationalist Reaction

• Eoin Mac Neill formed the Irish Volunteers to
  make sure Home Rule was granted.
• Some of the Volunteers were also in the IRB
  (violent!).
• Imported guns through Howth in 1914. Intention to
  use guns and Volunteers to fight for
  Independence.

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Anglicisation Term refers to the spread of
English Culture

• Cultural Nationalists Wanted to encourage the
  Irish Culture in order to show separation from
  Britain.
• Cultural Revival
• GAA Gaelic League Anglo Irish
  literary Revival

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IGTWU and Dublin Lockout

• IGTWU Set up by James Larkin in 1913 to fight
  for better rights for workers.
• Employers such as William Martin Murphy were
  worried by this and tried to destroy the IGTWU by
  telling members that they would loose their jobs
  in they did not leave the organisation.
• Larkin told the workers to go on strike.
• Employers locked out the workers. Lasted five
  months.
• Eventually workers left the union and returned to
  work.
• Irish Citizen Army set up in 1913 by James
  Connolly to defend workers.