Kansas State Reading Assessment

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Kansas State Reading Assessment
VOCABULARY
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Clues given in a passage as to the meaning of the
word.
Context Clues
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A dictionary listing of a word giving its meaning
Definition
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The main part of a word also called a base word
Root Word
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One or more letters added to the beginning of a
root word that changes the words meaning.
Prefix
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One or more letters added to the end of a root
word that changes the words meaning.
Suffix
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The shortening of a word or word group by
omitting letters and replacing them with an
apostrophe
Contraction
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Explanatory aids in nonfiction text including the
title, headings and subheadings, graphs/charts,
pictures/illustrations, captions, sidebars,
boldface and italicized words that aid in the
understanding of the text.
Text Features
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A listing by page number of the main topics of a
book, usually found in the front of the book
Table of Contents
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Word that is darker type than the words around
it, used to help signal that the word is more
important than the text around it
Boldface
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Words that are in a slanted type to indicate that
a word, phrase, or sentence is important
Italics
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An alphabetical listing of key words from a book
and their definitions with page numbers where the
word appears
Glossary
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A list, found in the back of a book, giving the
location of every important idea, term,
definition, person, and place mentioned in the
text
Index
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A sentence or phrase written under a picture to
tell about or explain the picture
Caption
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The title of a passage or text which announces
the topic to be covered, generally printed in
bold type for emphasis
Heading
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Headings within a text passage which indicate the
topic to be covered, narrower than the focus in
the heading
Subheading
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The sentence that expresses the main idea of a
paragraph
Topic Sentence
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A conclusion drawn from combining information
read with information from experience or assumed
Inference
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Making a decision or voicing an opinion based on
reasoning or inferring
Drawing Conclusions
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The patterns or arrangement of ideas in a text
passage
Text Structure
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A text structure in which one event or action
follows another
Sequence
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A text structure which identifies and describes a
problem and then offers one or more possible
solutions
Problem/Solution
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A text structure that explains why things happen
Cause/Effect
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A text structure which explains the similarities
and/or differences of two or more things, ideas,
traits, etc.
Compare/Contrast
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A text structure using sensory details to create
an image in words
Description
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An examination of how two or more things are
similar or alike
Comparison
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An examination of how two or more things are
different
Contrast
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Words in sentences or paragraphs that help show
how ideas or paragraphs are organized or
structured
Signal Words
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Identifies the WHY of an event
Cause
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Identifies the result of a cause
Effect
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The text type that tells a story or tale
including fiction, biography, or autobiography
Narrative Text
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The text type that seeks to explain or inform
Expository Text
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The text type that gives directions or explains a
procedure to complete a specific task
Technical Text
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Something that happens
Event
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The most important idea in a paragraph or text
which is the idea that the author wants to get
across, may be implied or may be found in the
first or last sentence
Main Idea
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Sentences in a paragraph or piece of text that
explain or support the main idea of the text
Supporting Details
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The subject of a text passage, the subject about
which the author is writing
Topic
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The authors reason for creating a piece of
writing to inform, to entertain, to persuade, to
describe, or a combination of these
Author's Purpose
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An idea that can be proven to be true or false
Fact
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A personal judgment that someone thinks is true,
but that may be true or false
Opinion
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The most important people in a story
Characters
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In fiction, where and when a story takes place
Setting
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In a narrative, the problem of the main
character(s)
Conflict
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In a narrative, the solution to the problem of
the main character(s)
Resolution