Labor Unions

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Labor Unions
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Labor Union

• A labor union is an organized group of workers
  whose aim is to improve working conditions,
  hours, wages and fringe benefits.
• Labor Unions can help you as a worker, because
  they can engage in collective bargaining for
  better working conditions and pay. (One of the
  key goals of unions is to get wage increases for
  their members)

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Labor Union

• Labor unions arose largely in response to changes
  brought by the Industrial Revolution in the early
  and mid 1800s.
• Manufacturing brought a new type of occupation to
  America the factory job.

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Labor Union

• Strike an organized work stoppage intended to
  force an employer to address union demands.
• In a market economy consumers have more power.

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Governmental Regulations

• Federal and State agencies regulate industries
  whose goods services affect the well being of the
  public.

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Regulation Deregulation

• Deregulation The government can no longer decide
  what role each company can play in a market and
  how much it can charge its customers.
• Supporters say it makes the economy more
  productive and efficient.

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Fair Labor Standards Act

• In 1938, this law created a minimum wage the
  lowest amount employers could lawfully pay for
  most types of work and required employers to pay
  for work beyond 40 hours a week.

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Month/Year Minimum Hourly Wage ()
October 1938 0.25
October 1938 0.30
October 1945 0.40
January 1950 0.75
March 1956 1.00
September 1961 1.15
September 1963 1.25
February 1967 1.40
February 1968 1.60
May 1974 2.00
January 1975 2.10
January 1976 2.30
January 1978 2.65
January 1979 2.90
January 1980 3.10
January 1981 3.35
April 1990 3.80
April 1991 4.25
October 1996 4.75
September 1997 5.15
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Equal Pay Act of 1963

• required that male and female employees in the
  same workplace performing the same job receive
  the same pay.

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Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964

• prohibited job discrimination on the basis of
  race, gender, color, religion or nationality.
  The Civil Rights Act also created the Equal
  Opportunity Commission to enforce the laws
  provisions.

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Affirmative Action

• A set of public policies initiatives designed
  to help eliminate past and present discrimination
  based on race, color, religion, sex or national
  origin.
• Due to the 14th amendment (guarantee of equal
  protection) the government has a duty to fight
  discrimination.

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Affirmative Action

• Affirmative Action provides advantages for people
  of a minority group who are seen to have
  traditionally been discriminated against, with
  the aim of creating a more egalitarian society.
• This consists of preferential access to
  education, employment, health care or social
  welfare.

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Environmental Protection Agency

• Created in 1970, enacts policies to protect human
  health and the natural environment.
• Monitors things such as pollution levels from
  industries

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Workplace Safety

• Congress passed the Occupation Safety and Health
  Act (OSHA) in 1970.
• Required employers to provide workplaces free
  from serious recognized hazards and to comply
  with occupational safety health standards as
  well as health information and training.

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Consumer Protection

• Bureau of Consumer Protection protects consumers
  against unfair, deceptive or fraudulent
  practices.
• Examples Warning labels on tobacco products and
  alcohol
• Labels on packages must include information about
  safe operation of equipment or expiration dates
  of perishables.

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Labor Disputes

• Due to historical abuses b y corporations, the
  government protects workers from unsafe working
  conditions.
• Department of Labor requires employers to
  provide safety equipment
• Federal Mediation and Conciliation Services
  helps to resolve labor and management conflicts.