Title: AP World History
1AP World History
- Chapter 17 20 Christianity and Medieval Europe
- Unit 3
2Journal 11-30-15Why did the Western Roman Empire
Fall?
- Internal Pressures
- Power struggle (between 235 -241 ce 41 different
people claimed to be emperor) - Empire was too large
- Soldiers loyal to Generals rather than Rome
- Disease (small pox measles) ravaged population
- External Pressures ( Hun invasions, Visigoths,
Ostrogoth's, Vandals, and Franks)
3What were the contributions of Charlemagne's
reign, and why did it ultimately fail to last
very long?
- Used missi dominici
- extended empire to northeast Spain, Bavaria,
north Italy - Created schools emphasis on arts ( Carolingian
Renaissance) - It fell because Charlemagne's only surviving son
lost control of the counts - Divided empire among Charlemagnes sons
4What role did the serfs play in early medieval
Europe? What was life like on the manor?
- Worked the land for the lords in return for
protection and small plots of land - Could not leave land without permission
- Manor Large estate consisting of fields,
meadows, forests, domestic animals, lakes,
rivers, Serfs bound to the land - Had bakeries, mills, breweries, wineries
5Friendly Reminders ?
- Read chapters 17 20
- Discussion question due before Friday
6Periodization
Early Middle Ages 500 1000 High Middle Ages
1000 1250 Late Middle Ages 1250 - 1500
7Europe in the 6th century
8Dark Ages
- 500 -1000
- a time of decreased architectural building
techniques, organized government, and less long
distance trade. - Most Germanic people could not read or write
- Decentralized governments
9What was the one unifying factor in Western
Europe?
- the church controlled about 1/3 of the land in
Western Europe. - tithe ? 1/10 tax on your assets given to the
church. -
Notre Dame Cathedral- Paris, France
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12Carolingian Empire (Carol means Charles in Latin)
13The Rise of the Franks ( temporary revival)
Clovis
- Under ________ the Franks become the dominant
power in Western Europe - Clovis converted to _________, which in turn
helped the Franks the gain the support of the
Catholic Church
Christianity
14Charles Martel The Hammer
- Charles Martel founder of the Carolingian Empire
- Known for his military prowess
- Defeated the Muslims in the Battle of Tours
15Charlemagne 742 to 814
- United Western Europe
- Missi Dominici- Envoys of the Lord Ruler to
watch his provinces - Defender of Roman Catholicism
- Capital _at_Aachen, established centralized rule
- History Teachers Song Charlemagne
16Charlemagnes Empire
17The Carolingian Renaissance
18Pope Crowned CharlemagneHoly Roman Emperor Dec.
25, 800
19Charlemagnes Empire Holy Roman Empire
20Charlemagnes Empire CollapsesTreaty of Verdun,
843
21Carolingian Demise
- Charlemagne sons grandsons lost control of the
empire in 30 years - Muslims raided from the south, Magyars raided
from the East, Vikings from the North
Viking Long boat- Shallow draft boat
22Monasticism
- St. Benedict (480-547) establishes rules
poverty, chastity, obedience. - Agricultural laborers, worked in scriptoriums,
ran inns, hospitals, orphanages.
St. Benedict established monastic rules.
23A Medieval Monastery The Scriptorium
24A Medieval Monks Day
25The Medieval Manor
- Manor Large estate consisting of fields,
meadows, forests, domestic animals, lakes,
rivers, Serfs bound to the land - Had bakeries, mills, breweries, wineries
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27Manorialism
- Manors were primary sources of agricultural
production - Large estate controlled by the lord and deputies
28Feudalism A Land Divided
A political, economic, and social system based on
loyalty and military service.
29Serfs
- Not fully free nor fully slave
- Worked the land for the lords in return for
protection and small plots of land - Could not leave land without permission
- Worked 3-4 days for lord
30What were the Crusades?
- 11th-14th century European Christian campaigns to
retake Holy land and convert Muslims - History Teachers Song on Crusades
- Crusades crash course
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32Why did Christians go on Crusades?
- Religious Motives retake the Holy land from the
Muslims - Economic Motives wanted access to trade routes
(silk spices) - Political Motives help the Byzantines retake
land from the Seljuk Turks
33Results of the Crusades
- Europe was re-introduced to Greco-Roman Culture
- Discovered Spoils of the East as silk, rice,
glass, coffee, citrus products - European technology improved (Compass, astrolabe,
gunpowder) - Weakened manorialism system Feudalism
34Economics of the Late Middle Ages
- Guilds-
- Regulated production and sale of goods
- Established standards of quality for manufactured
goods - Determined prices and regulated entry of new
workers
35Hanseatic League
- The Hanseatic League is an organization of cities
in Northern Germany and Southern Scandinavia.
They were grouped for the sole purpose of
commercial alliance. They formed the league to
encourage trade. Since the start of banking in
Europe, it became possible for the countries to
organize commercial trades with each other. The
people from the Hanseatic cities would go
anywhere to gain a profit and to trade. The
league mostly traded timber, furs, tar, wheat and
rye from the east to the countries in the west.
They eastern countries traded their items for
cloth from the west.
36New Technology leads to population growth
- _______ rotation
- Heavy plows
- Water mills (mills for processing cloth, brewing
beer, or grinding flour)
37What new technologies led to an increase in
agricultural production in the Post Classical
period?
- Mold Board Plow
- Crop Rotation
- Horse collar
38What were the affects of migration in time period
3 ( 600ce-1450?
- Vikings (using their longboats) migrated from the
Northern European settling into Western European
lands
39Describe gender roles in W. Europe during the
Middle Ages
- Code of Chivalry- honor system that emphasized
loyalty and gentlemen like behavior - Very Patriarchal land equaled power women could
not inherit land or rule it - Women were admired for beauty and compassion or
femine qualities
40Historians use the term Middle Ages to refer to.?
- the era from about 500 to 1500 C.E.
41In the Early Middle Ages, the economic activity
of Western Europe was
- predominantly agricultural
42The Holy Roman Empire was neither holy, nor
Roman, nor an empire because
- the emperors were not crowned by the popes
- the Byzantine emperors did not acknowledge the
Holy Roman Empire - the people who lived there did not practice
Christianity - it did not restore imperial unity to Western
Europe
43Which one of the following statements does not
describe the crusades?
- The campaigns showed European military
superiority to Muslim armies. - One of the crusades conquered Constantinople
instead of recapturing Palestine - The crusaders traded eagerly with Muslim
merchants in the eastern Mediterranean. - The crusaders brought many Muslim ideas back to
Europe with them. - The crusaders introduced to Europe new
agricultural products they learned about from the
Muslims.