World History

1
World History

• The West Between the wars

2
Section 1

• The Futile search for Stability

3
Peace at the end of WW I

• The peace settlement of WW I had tried to fulfill
  19th century dreams of nationalism by trying
  creating new boundaries and new states.
• Many Germans vowed to revise the terms of the
  Treaty of Versailles.

4
Reparations

• In April 1921, the Allied Reparations Commission
  determined that Germany owed 132 billion German
  marks or 33 billion in US dollars.
• They were ordered to repay 2.5 billion annually.

5
The French

• The following year Germany claimed they couldnt
  pay.
• France was outraged.
• They sent troops to occupy Ruhr Valley.
• Ruhr valley is Germanys chief industrial and
  mining center.

6
Inflation

• Germany added to the problem by printing off more
  money.
• The German mark soon became worthless
• In 1914 4.2 marks was equal to one US dollar.
• In 1923 130 million marks was equal to one US
  dollar.

7
The Dawes Plan

• In 1924 an international commission produced a
  new plan for reparations.
• The Dawes Plan was its name.
• The Dawes Plan named after an American
  coordinated Germanys annual payments with its
  ability to pay.

8
The Treaty of Locarno

• In 1925 Germany signed the Treaty of Locarno with
  France and Belgium.
• It guaranteed Germanys new western borders with
  France and Belgium.

9
Depression

• A Depression is a period of low economic activity
  and rising unemployment.
• The Great Depression started in Europe in 1924
  and ended in an economic collapse.
• Two factors played a key in the great depression.
• One was a series of down turns in the economies
  of individual nations.
• The second was an international crisis involving
  the US stock market.

10
Germany and France

• At the end of WW I Germany was defeated and
  created a democratic state called the Weimar
  Republic.
• After Germany was defeated in WW I France became
  the strongest European Power.

11
Collective Bargaining

• The French New Deal gave workers the right to
  collective bargaining.
• Collective bargaining is the right union workers
  have to negotiate with employers over wages and
  hours.
• Deficit spending is spending that makes you go
  into debt.

12
FDR

• The new US President.
• In 1932 Franklin Delano Roosevelt won a landslide
  victory in the US Presidential election.

13
Totalitarian State

• A totalitarian state is a government that aims to
  control the political, economic, social,
  intellectual, and cultural lives of its citizens.

14
Fascism

• In the early 1920s Benito Mussolini established
  the first European fascist movement in Italy.
• Fascism glorifies the state above the individual.

15
Lenins NEP

• Lenin in Russia abandoned war communism in favor
  of his NEP.
• NEP stands for New Economic Policy.

16
The Rise of the Politburo

• After the death of Lenin in 1924 the seven
  members of the Politburo had a power struggle.
• The Politburo was a committee that had become the
  leading policy making body of the Communist
  Party.
• Leon Trotsky was the commissioner of war in the
  party.
• Joseph Stalin was the general secretary of the
  Politburo.

17
The Stalin Era

• Joseph Stalin won the power struggle and became
  the leader of the Communist party and disbanded
  the Bolsheviks and the Politburo.
• His plan was known as the five year plan.

18
Collectivization

• Collectivization was a system in which private
  farms were eliminated and the government took
  control of all the farms and the peasants worked
  on them!

19
Spanish Civil War

• Led by Francisco Franco the Spanish forces
  revolted and won the Spanish Civil War against
  Democracy.
• Francisco favored landowners, businesspeople, and
  the Catholic Clergy.

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Section 3

• Hitler and the Rise of the Nazi Regime

21
Adolf Hitler

• Adolf Hitler was born in Austria in 1889.
• He staged an overthrow of the government in
  Germany after WW I and lost and was sent to
  prison.
• In prison he wrote the book called Mein Kampf
  which stands for My Struggle.
• The core of his ideas was racism especially
  anti-Semitism.

22
Hitlers Party

• By 1921 Hitler had taken control of the National
  Socialist German Workers party or Nazi for
  short.
• It grew from 15,000 to 50,000 in a two year
  period.

23
The Growth of the Nazis

• By 1929 and three years later Hitler had grown
  the Nazi party to around 800,000.
• It was the largest party and the name for the
  German parliament was Reichstag.

24
Victory of Nazism

• Hitler had the Nazi party pass the enabling act.
• The Enabling Act gave the government the power to
  ignore the constitution for four years while it
  dealt with the countries issues.

25
Concentration Camps

• The Nazis set up concentration camps.
• Concentration camps were large prisons camps set
  up for people who opposed the new regime.

26
The Terror begins.

• The Schutzstafflen was a the police force for
  maintaining order in Germany.
• It was abbreviated SS for short.
• The leader was a fierce man named Heinrich
  Himmler.

27
Nuremberg Party Rallies

• Nuremberg Party rallies were held every September
  and evoked enthusiasm and excitement.

28
Movies and intellectual terms

• By 1939 about 40 of adults in countries around
  the world were watching movies.
• In Germany a lot of Government propaganda was
  used in the movies.

29
Photomontage

• Photomontage is a picture made of combination of
  pictures.
• Surrealism is the artistic movement that seeks to
  depict the world of unconscious.
• A Spaniard named Salvador Dali was the high
  priest of surrealism.

30
Uncertainty principle

• A German Physicist named Werner Heisenberg
  explained the uncertainty principle.
• The uncertainty principle suggested that all of
  the physical laws governing the Universe are
  based on uncertainty.

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I am coming ..watch out