Exercise Physiology

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Exercise Physiology

• APL2/L3

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Our Bodys gasoline

• Adenosine Triphosphate
• Energy storing molecule
• usable energy

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Energy Pathways (3)

• 1.ATP (6 sec) stored in mitochondria.
• 2. CP Creatine phosphate (10 sec) A lot of it in
  muscles and builds ATP back up.
• (Creatine phosphate ADP ? ATP creatine)

• 3. Glycogen stored glucose in liver and
  muscles.(anaerobic)
• Fat used last. Greatest potential energy
  source.

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Cellular Respiration

• Process which releases energy from organic
  compounds in cells.
• 3 reactions glycolysis, citric acid cycle
  (Krebs), electron transport chain
• RESULT CO2, H2O and energy. ½ IS HEAT, ½ IS USED
  TO MAKE ATP (ENERGY NEEDED BY MUSCLE CELLS)

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Glycolysis

• Breaking of glucose 6-carbon glucose
  molecule?two 3-carbon pyruvic acid molecules.
• High energy electrons are delivered to ETC
• 2 molecules ATP produced

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Krebs cycle

• Part II of Aerobic Respiration
• Charged Ions are produced and gotten ready for
  ETC.
• 2 ATP produced

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Electron Transport Chain
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ATP

• Between ETC and Krebs Cycle 34 molecules of ATP
  are produced.
• A lot of heat is given off

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Muscle fatigue and Oxygen Debt

• Normally, we breath enough O2 to support aerobic
  use of glucose. However
• Strenuous use of muscles result in anaerobic
  respiration glucose is broken into pyruvic acid
  ? lactic acid
• Lactic acid not enough ATP to convert it to
  glucose at this time.
• Results in O2 debt muscle cramping/fatigue

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Hypertrophy of Muscles

• Muscles forcefully exercised will enlarge
• There is ? in muscle fiber size, not number of
  muscles.
• i.e body builder/weight -lifter, prof. athlete

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Atrophy of Muscles

• Muscles not used will decrease in size
• This is called muscle atrophy
• i.e spinal cord patients very thin and frail

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Quick Quiz (2 pts/bullet)

• What is gasoline for our body?
• What are the 3 energy pathways in the cell?
• What 3 reactions make up cellular respiration and
  what do they produce?
• When does anaerobic respiration occur?
• How do muscles enlarge? What is increased muscle
  mass called?