Unit 3: Chapter 3 and Europe

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Unit 3 Chapter 3 and Europe
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Climate and Weather

• Weather the condition of the atmosphere in one
  place during a limited period of time.
• Climate the term for the weather patterns that
  an area typically experiences over a long period
  of time.

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Understannding Climate and Weather

• Earths Tilt and Rotation- tilt on axis of 23.5

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• Earths Revolution
• 365 days and 6 hours
• creates seasons
• Equinox- direct rays on the equator (equal day
  and night)
• The Tropic of Capricorn and Tropic of Cancer-
  lines of Latitude.
• 23.5 S and 23.5 N
• When direct rays are on those lines, the longest
  day of night and day (Winter Solstice and Summer
  Solstice)

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• Poles- The Poles receive 6 months of sunlight and
  6 months of nighttime.

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• Greenhouse Effect
• Part of suns radiation gets through the
  atmosphere and the heat is trapped by atmosphere
  which is necessary for life.
• Great CO2 absorbs more heat which increases the
  overall temperature gt Global Warming

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Elevation and Climate

• As elevation increases, the thinning air retains
  less heat and cools.

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Oceans and large bodies of water change climates.
The Great Conveyor Belt
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Climate Patterns

• Tropical
• tropical rain forest- daily rain, canopy.
• tropical savannah- yearly grasses and trees.

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• Dry Climates
• desert- less than 10 inches of rain/year.
• steppe- between 10 and 20 inches of rain/year.
  Supports grassland.

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• Mid-Latitudes- Seasonal Changes
• marine west coast- increased atmospheric pressure
  due to rise in elevation heavy precipitation
  consistently cool.
• Mediterranean- 40 degrees (N/S). Semi-dry
  climate.
• Humid subtropical- mild winters, year long rains.
• Humid continental- extreme weather changes

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• High Latitudes-
• subarctic- permanent frozen subsoil (permafrost)
  begins.
• tundra- trees cannot take root.
• ice caps- glaciers are 1-2 miles deep

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• Highlands- climate determined by elevation

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Europe

• In many ways, Europes success has been
  determined and driven by their access to water.
• Peninsulas
• Scandinavian- Norway, Sweden, Finland
• Jutland- Denmark
• Iberian- Spain and Portugal
• Apennine- Italy
• Balkan- South-Eastern Europe

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Scandinavian
Jutland
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Apennine
Iberian
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Europe
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Nations

• Europe is made up of over 50 different countries.
• Migration
• Cultural diffusion spread of cultural traits
  from one culture to another.
• Conflict
• Created diversity of ethnic groups

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Ethnic Groups

• 160 different ethnic groups in Europe
• What is an ethnic group?
• Many countries in Europe are made of one
  ethnicity. Why?
• Nationalism
• Tension Majority v. Minority

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Bosnian War

• Serbs v. Bosnians (Bosniaks)

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Ancient Greece
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City States
A state with its own government which consists of
city and its surrounding villages.
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Romans
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Roman Empire
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Fall of Rome

• The Dark Ages or Medieval Europe
• Power Vacuum a condition that exists when there
  is no legitimate central power structure leading
  to competition to obtain power.
• The most central power in Europe becomes the
  Catholic Church.

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Feudalism
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Crusades

• Starting in 1000 AD and ending in the late
  1200s.
• Campaigns sanctioned by the Catholic Church into
  Eastern Europe and the Middle East.
• Led to cultural diffusion gt Strengthened
  Europes Economy, Academia, and led to innovation

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Renaissance

• Europes rebirth
• Return to Classical Culture
• Greek and Roman

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Western Movements

• Reformation the reforming of the Catholic Church
  which led to Protestant Christian sects.
• Created power for the Monarchs
• Scientific Revolution scientific movement that
  led to the end of Greek foundations and the use
  of the scientific method.
• Enlightenment scientific principles were applied
  to political and social theory to improve social
  foundations.

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Conflict

• Revolution
• Democracy
• Industrialization- Competition
• Military build-up
• Conflict- WWI and WWII

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European Union

• 1950s- Western Europe needed to rebuild after
  WWII
• Links between coal and steel industry
• EEC European Economic Community
• EC European Community- common trade policy and
  removal or trade barriers
• EU European Union- no restrictions of movement
  of goods, services, and labor
• Common currency, political standards, financial
  standards