Fit and Healthy

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Fit and Healthy
W Richards The Weald School
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Body systems
The RESPIRATORY SYSTEM takes in _____
The ___________ SYSTEM transports oxygen and
glucose around the body
The SKELETAL and MUSCULAR systems use the _____
from glucose to allow ________
The DIGESTIVE SYSTEM takes in ________
Words energy, movement, oxygen, glucose,
circulatory
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Balanced diet
A balanced diet should contain fats, proteins and
carbohydrates in roughly these amounts
It should also contain water, vitamins, minerals
and fibre.
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Poor diets
If we dont have a balanced diet we may suffer
form a deficiency symptom
Vitamin D Protein Vitamin C Vitamin A Iron Calcium Anaemia Scurvy (bleeding gums and joints) Weak bones and teeth Wasting of body tissue Rickets Poor night vision
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Muscles and the skeleton
Muscles are said to work in antagonistic pairs.
This is because they oppose each others
movement
The skeleton does 3 jobs

1. It gives the body SHAPE
2. It allows the body to MOVE
3. It PROTECTS the major organs

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Joints
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A typical joint the knee
Ligaments hold the joint together
Synovial fluid an oily substance that reduces
friction
Cartilage stops the bones from rubbing against
each other
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The Respiratory System
Trachea has stiff rings of cartilage to prevent
it collapsing
Bronchi
Rib muscles to raise and lower the ribs
Bronchioles
Ribs to protect the chest
Lung
Alveoli (air sacs) gas exchange takes place
here
Diaphragm muscular sheet
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Gas exchange
O2
CO2

• Alveoli are very good at exchanging gases
  because
• They have a LARGE surface area
• They have a good blood supply
• They are moist

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Smoking

• Cigarettes contain 3 harmful things
• NICOTINE, which is an ___________ drug that
  raises the heart beat, narrows the arteries and
  so causes ____ _____ _____. This leads to heart
  _________.
• TAR, which coats the lining of the _______ making
  them less able to take in oxygen. It also
  contains carcinogens which cause ______________.
• CARBON MONOXIDE, which is a _______ ____ which
  joins up with ____ blood cells making them
  incapable of transporting _____________ around
  the body.

Words high blood pressure, oxygen, red,
addictive, disease, poisonous gas, lungs, cancer
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Damaging the alveoli (emphysema)
Before smoking
After smoking less surface area
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The effect of drugs
Brain damage
Personality change
Liver damage
Hallucinations
Bad judgement
Addiction
Organ damage