How does a cell survive?

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How does a cell survive?
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http//www.cs.brown.edu/stc/outrea/greenhouse/nurs
ery/biology/home.html

• Everything, from the structure covering the
  cells to the organelles inside them, performs a
  task that helps to keep the cell alive.

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Cell Membrane

• Holds the cells inside organelles together
• Allows nutrients in and waste products out

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PhospholipidsMolecules

• Make up the cell membrane and are made of fatty
  acids and glycerol phosphates.

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Cell Wall

• Only in plants and algae
• Made of cellulose
• Provides strength/support around the membrane
• It allows trees, leaves, plants to stand up.

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Nucleus

• Means kernel or nut
• Is covered by a membrane which allows materials
  to pass.
• Is the control center of the cell
• Stores DNA (Which makes protein)

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Nucleolus

• Dark spot inside the nucleus
• Stores material to make ribosomes.

Nucleus
DNA
Nucleolus
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Ribosomes

• Are proteins (made of amino acids) which are the
  building blocks of the cell.
• Small organelles in every cell b/c they need
  protein.
• Have no membranes.

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Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

• Covered with membrane
• Makes lipids
• Breaks down drugs/chemicals that might harm the
  cell
• Internal delivery system
• Moves through the tubular connections

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Mitochondria

• The cells power plant
• Food molecules are broken down in the cell to
  release energy.
• Then, ATP moves energy to Mitochondria
• Bean shaped
• 2 membranes
• Work only with oxygen

Outer and Inner Membranes
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Chloroplasts

• Only in plants and algae
• Energy-converting from the sun
• 2 membranes
• Looks like stacked coins
• Contain Chlorophyll (green) which traps light and
  makes it into sugar (photosynthesis)

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Chloroplasts Mitochondria

• Theory that they evolved from anceient bacteria.
• Created by cells eating each other.
• Have the same kind of ribosomes and circular DNA.

Old Bacteria

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The Golgi Bodies

• From ER it transports modified lipids proteins
  in its membrane.
• Named after Camillo Golgi (Italian)
• Look like ER but are close to cell membrane

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Vesicles

• Membrane covered compartments
• Formed from ER Golgi
• Ex. How white blood cells eat other cells.

Check out the picture on page 73 in your text
book.
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Vacuoles

• Only in plants
• Membrane covered chamber
• Full of water
• Ex. Oranges
• Ever wonder how to make lettuce crisp or roses
  red?

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Lysosomes

• Only in animal cells
• Vesicles with enzymes.
• Destroy worn-out or damaged cells
• Get rid of waste
• Protect the cell.
• Ex. Caterpillars, tadpoles tales, aging

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Plant Cell
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Animal Cell
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Plant Cell
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So now, create a Venn diagram comparing a plant
and animal cell.