Cell Organelles

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Cell Organelles
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Cell Parts Notes

• When you are filling in your chart, remember the
  following
• Underline or highlight important vocabulary words
  in the definitions
• Be thinking about how you will use the word in
  your simile

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Cells are the basic units of all living things.
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Cells are made of parts, called organelles, that
each do their own job for the cell.
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The nucleus is the largest organelle that stores
the chromatin (genetic material) and controls all
the cells activities.
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What about your topic might be the nucleus?
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The cell membrane is like a security guard. No
one gets in or out of the cell without its
permission and it is selective about what it
lets in and out.
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What about your topic might be the cell membrane?
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The cell wall is found only in plant cells, is
non-living, and supports and protects the cell.
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What about your topic might be the cell wall?
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The mitochondria are considered the powerhouse of
the cell because they break down food (glucose)
and release energy! This is known as cellular
respiration.
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What about your topic might be the mitochondria?
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The vacuole is a temporary storage area in the
cell that holds water, food, and waste.
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Vacuoles are small and numerous in animal cells
but there is only one really big one in plant
cells.
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What about your topic might be the vacuole?
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Cytoplasm is the stuff that supports all the
organelles and allows them to get their jobs done
so the cell can continue living. It is vital to
the cell and is mostly made of water.
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What about your topic might be the cytoplasm?
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Chloroplasts are naturally GREEN and make all
the food for plants only. This food is in the
form of a sugar called glucose.
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Think of the chloroplasts as the food makers or
providers and the mitochondria as the energy
releasers or food breakerdowners
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What about your topic might be the chloroplast?
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The endoplasmic reticulum is like a super small
and intricate highway system in the cell because
it move things around.
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Often referred to as ERit can be smooth (without
ribosomes) or rough (with ribosomes).
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What about your topic might be the ER?
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The Golgi body or Golgi apparatus is often
compared to a post office. This is because
materials made by the cell (i.e. proteins,
lipids, etc.) are packaged, labeled, and shipped
off to other areas of the cell from here.
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What about your topic might be the Golgi body?
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Lysosomes are like the custodians of the cell.
They will seek out and destroy any and all waste
inside the cell.
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What about your topic might be the lysosome?
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The nucleolus hides out inside the nucleus with
the chromatin and manufacture all the ribosomes.
It does NOT contain the DNA.
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What about your topic might be the nucleolus?
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Without the ribosomes, no cell would be able to
make any proteins. Of course, the nucleus tells
the ribosomes which ones to makebut they are
very important nonetheless.
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Proteins are vital to every living thing and are
actually responsible for how an organism looks,
behaves, performs their life processes, etc. The
code for making proteins is housed in the DNA of
every cell and basically tells that cell what
kind of cell to be.
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What about your topic might be the ribosomes?
How about your protein?
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How are plant and animal cells alike? How are
they different?
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PLANT
ANIMAL

• CHLOROPLASTS IN GREEN CELLS
• ONE LARGE VACUOLE
• CELL WALL
• RECTANGULAR SHAPE

• NUCLEUS
• CYTOPLASM
• CELL MEMBRANE
• MITOCHONDRIA
• VACUOLES

• LOTS OF SMALL VACUOLES
• IRREGULAR SHAPE

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Two other types of organisms you should be
familiar with now are
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Bacteriaorganisms that reproduce rapidly, are
prokaryotic, can cause disease but can also be
very helpful, come in rod, sphere, or spiral
shapes and can often be treated with antibiotics.
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Virusesneither alive nor dead, they cant
reproduce by themselves (parasitic), come in
several geometric shapes, and can not be treated
with antibiotics.