Classification and Biodiversity

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Classification and Biodiversity
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• About _1.5 million___ kinds of living organisms
  are known today and each year thousands more are
  identified.
• Some experts believe there are as many ___10
  million_ different kinds of organisms.

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Taxonomy

• Classification and naming of living things.

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Classification Systems

• How is a grocery store classified/ organized?

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Early classification

• Aristotle
• Classified organisms by how they moved.
• Fly
• Walk
• Swim
• Problems?

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• John Ray
• First to use the term Species.
• Classified based on structural similarities

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• Carolus Linnaeus
• Father of modern taxonomy.
• Developed naming system of binomial nomenclature

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Classification Categories

• Kingdom Animalia
• Phylum Chordata
• Class Mammalia
• Order Primates
• Family Hominidae
• Genus Homo
• Species Sapiens

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Naming organisms

• Nomenclature naming organisms

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• Common name vs. scientific name
• There may be many common names for one organism.
• Puma, cougar, mountain lion
• Only one scientific name.
• Felis concolor

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Binomial Nomenclature

• Hedera helix or Hedera helix
• Italicize or underline scientific name
• Hedera genus
• helix species

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Characteristics of the 5 kingdoms

• Monera bacteria
• Cell type prokaryotic
• Body form mostly unicellular

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• How they get energy
• Photosynthesis
• Absorption
• Chemosynthesis
• No nervous system
• Locomotion some have flagella

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Protista

• Cell Type Eukaryotic
• Body Form Mostly unicellular
• Energy Some photosynthesis, some
  respiration/absorption
• No nervous system
• Locomotion
• Flagella whip like tail
• Cilia tiny hairs
• Pseudopods fake feet/ oozing cytoplasm

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Fungi

• Cell type Eukaryotic
• Body form mostly multi-cellular
• Energy from decomposition/absorption
• No nervous system
• No locomotion

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Plantae

• Cell type eukaryotic
• Body form multi-cellular
• Energy photosynthesis
• No nervous system
• Little locomotion

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Animalia

• Cell type eukaryotic
• Body form multi-cellular
• Energy cell respiration/ingestion
• Yes, have nervous system
• Yes, locomotion walk, swim, fly