Chapter 18

1
Chapter 18 The Heart
I Wear My Heart on My Sleeve
My Heart Bleeds for You
Heartbreaker
QRStions
Have a Heart
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FINAL ROUND
2
Have a Heart 100 Question

• The region between the two pleural cavities that
  contains the heart and great vessels is called
  the ______?
• a. Mediastinum
• b. Visceral pericardium
• c. Parietal pericardium
• d. Pericardial cavity

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
3
Have a Heart 100 Answer

• The region between the two pleural cavities that
  contains the heart and great vessels is called
  the ______?
• a. Mediastinum
• b. Visceral pericardium
• c. Parietal pericardium
• d. Pericardial cavity

BACK TO GAME
4
Have a Heart 200 Question

• Which layer of pericardium touches the heart?
• a. Parietal pericardium
• b. Pericardial sac
• c. Fibrous pericardium
• d. Visceral pericardium

ANSWER
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5
Have a Heart 200 Answer

• Which layer of pericardium touches the heart?
• a. Parietal pericardium
• b. Pericardial sac
• c. Fibrous pericardium
• d. Visceral pericardium

BACK TO GAME
6
Have a Heart 300 Question

• Which of the following is true of cardiac muscle
  tissue?
• a. Cardiac muscle cells are larger than skeletal
  muscle cells.
• b. Cardiac muscle is not striated.
• c. Cardiac muscle cells have intercalated discs.
• d. Cardiac muscle cells are multinucleate.

ANSWER
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7
Have a Heart 300 Answer

• Which of the following is true of cardiac muscle
  tissue?
• a. Cardiac muscle cells are larger than skeletal
  muscle cells.
• b. Cardiac muscle is not striated.
• c. Cardiac muscle cells have intercalated discs.
• d. Cardiac muscle cells are multinucleate.

BACK TO GAME
8
Have a Heart 400 Question

• Why is the left ventricle more muscular than the
  right ventricle?
• a. Because it pumps a larger volume of blood.
• b. Because it contracts with force sufficient to
  push blood through the systemic circuit.
• c. Because the papillary muscles are stronger.
• d. Both A and B are correct.

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
9
Have a Heart 400 Answer

• Why is the left ventricle more muscular than the
  right ventricle?
• a. Because it pumps a larger volume of blood.
• b. Because it contracts with force sufficient to
  push blood through the systemic circuit.
• c. Because the papillary muscles are stronger.
• d. Both A and B are correct.

BACK TO GAME
10
Have a Heart 500 Question

• Where is the ANS headquarters for cardiovascular
  control?
• a. Cardiac plexus
• b. SA and AV nodes
• c. Medulla oblongata
• d. Cervical and upper thoracic ganglia

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
11
Have a Heart 500 Answer

• Where is the ANS headquarters for cardiovascular
  control?
• a. Cardiac plexus
• b. SA and AV nodes
• c. Medulla oblongata
• d. Cervical and upper thoracic ganglia

BACK TO GAME
12
I Wear My Heart on My Sleeve 100 Question

• What is the importance of the 100 msec delay at
  the AV node?
• a. Atria must contract before the ventricles.
• b. AV valves must have time to close.
• c. Contraction of papillary muscle must begin
  before ventricular contraction.
• d. Tachycardia results if the delay is absent.

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
13
I Wear My Heart on My Sleeve 100 Answer

• What is the importance of the 100 msec delay at
  the AV node?
• a. Atria must contract before the ventricles.
• b. AV valves must have time to close.
• c. Contraction of papillary muscle must begin
  before ventricular contraction.
• d. Tachycardia results if the delay is absent.

BACK TO GAME
14
I Wear My Heart on My Sleeve 200 Question

• Why is resting HR somewhat slower than the 80
  100 bpm set by the SA node?
• a. The AV node slows the heart to an average
  between its own rate and that of the SA node.
• b. Parasympathetic innervation slows the HR.
• c. The AV node takes over causing the HR to be 40
  60 bpm.
• d. None of these is correct.

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
15
I Wear My Heart on My Sleeve 200 Answer

• Why is resting HR somewhat slower than the 80
  100 bpm set by the SA node?
• a. The AV node slows the heart to an average
  between its own rate and that of the SA node.
• b. Parasympathetic innervation slows the HR.
• c. The AV node takes over causing the HR to be 40
  60 bpm.
• d. None of these is correct.

BACK TO GAME
16
I Wear My Heart on My Sleeve 300 Question

• How is Cardiac Output (CO) calculated?
• a. CO ml/min (EDV ESV) x SV
• b. CO ml/min HR bpm x SV ml/beat
• c. CO ml/min ESV/EDV
• d. A and B are correct.

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
17
I Wear My Heart on My Sleeve 300 Answer

• How is Cardiac Output (CO) calculated?
• a. CO ml/min (EDV ESV) x SV
• b. CO ml/min HR bpm x SV ml/beat
• c. CO ml/min ESV/EDV
• d. A and B are correct.

BACK TO GAME
18
I Wear My Heart on My Sleeve 400 Question

• What is happening during ventricular systole of
  the cardiac cycle?
• a. Rising atrial pressures push blood into the
  ventricles.
• b. All heart valves area closed and ventricles
  are relaxing.
• c. Both ventricular contraction and atrial
  diastole take place.
• d. Pressure in ventricles drops, which forces the
  semilunar valves closed.

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
19
I Wear My Heart on My Sleeve 400 Answer

• What is happening during ventricular systole of
  the cardiac cycle?
• a. Rising atrial pressures push blood into the
  ventricles.
• b. All heart valves area closed and ventricles
  are relaxing.
• c. Both ventricular contraction and atrial
  diastole take place.
• d. Pressure in ventricles drops, which forces the
  semilunar valves closed.

BACK TO GAME
20
I Wear My Heart on My Sleeve 500 Question

• When during the cardiac cycle do ventricles
  contain their maximal amount of blood? What is
  this quantity called?
• a. At the end of ventricular systole / ESV
• b. At the end of atrial systole / EDV
• c. At the end of ventricular diastole / EDV
• d. B and C are correct.

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
21
I Wear My Heart on My Sleeve 500 Answer

• When during the cardiac cycle do ventricles
  contain their maximal amount of blood? What is
  this quantity called?
• a. At the end of ventricular systole / ESV
• b. At the end of atrial systole / EDV
• c. At the end of ventricular diastole / EDV
• d. B and C are correct.

BACK TO GAME
22
QRStions100 Question

• On an ECG reading, what does the P Wave indicate?
• a. Ventricular contraction
• b. An abnormal heart condition
• c. Atrial depolarization
• d. Atrial diastole

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
23
QRStions100 Answer

• On an ECG reading, what does the P Wave indicate?
• a. Ventricular contraction
• b. An abnormal heart condition
• c. Atrial depolarization
• d. Atrial diastole

BACK TO GAME
24
QRStions200 Question

• What event is taking place during the Q-T
  interval?
• a. A single cycle of the cardiac cycle
• b. An action potential
• c. A single cycle of atrial depolarization and
  repolarization
• d. A single cycle of ventricular depolarization
  and repolarization

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
25
QRStions200 Answer

• What event is taking place during the Q-T
  interval?
• a. A single cycle of the cardiac cycle
• b. An action potential
• c. A single cycle of atrial depolarization and
  repolarization
• d. A single cycle of ventricular depolarization
  and repolarization

BACK TO GAME
26
QRStions300 Question

• What factor could cause an increase in the size
  of the QRS complex of an electrocardiogram
  recording?
• a. An increase in heart rate
• b. A decrease in blood volume
• c. A decrease in blood pressure
• d. An increase in heart size

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
27
QRStions300 Answer

• What factor could cause an increase in the size
  of the QRS complex of an electrocardiogram
  recording?
• a. An increase in heart rate
• b. A decrease in blood volume
• c. A decrease in blood pressure
• d. An increase in heart size

BACK TO GAME
28
QRStions400 Question

• What condition contributes to a reduction in the
  size of the T wave?
• a. Long-term high fat intake
• b. Damage to the conduction pathway
• c. Damage to the AV node
• d. Coronary ischemia

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
29
QRStions400 Answer

• What condition contributes to a reduction in the
  size of the T wave?
• a. Long-term high fat intake
• b. Damage to the conduction pathway
• c. Damage to the AV node
• d. Coronary ischemia

BACK TO GAME
30
QRStions 500 Question

• Why is there no wave corresponding to atrial
  repolarization on an ECG reading?
• a. It is masked by the QRS complex.
• b. Atrial repolarization produces no electrical
  effect at all.
• c. It is masked by the P Wave.
• d. None of these is correct.

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
31
QRStions500 Answer

• Why is there no wave corresponding to atrial
  repolarization on an ECG reading?
• a. It is masked by the QRS complex.
• b. Atrial repolarization produces no electrical
  effect at all.
• c. It is masked by the P Wave.
• d. None of these is correct.

BACK TO GAME
32
Heartbreaker 100 Question

• Which of the following affect(s) the rate of
  venous return?
• a. Cardiac output
• b. Stroke volume
• c. Heart rate
• d. All of the above are correct.

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
33
Heartbreaker 100 Answer

• Which of the following affect(s) the rate of
  venous return?
• a. Cardiac output
• b. Stroke volume
• c. Heart rate
• d. All of the above are correct.

BACK TO GAME
34
Heartbreaker 200 Question

• How is eversion of the AV valves and backflow of
  blood into the atria prevented?
• a. Pressure of blood pushing against the valves
• b. Contraction of the ventricles
• c. Closure of the semilunar valves
• d. Tightening of chordae tendineae and
  contraction of papillary muscles

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
35
Heartbreaker 200 Answer

• How is eversion of the AV valves and backflow of
  blood into the atria prevented?
• a. Pressure of blood pushing against the valves
• b. Contraction of the ventricles
• c. Closure of the semilunar valves
• d. Tightening of chordae tendineae and
  contraction of papillary muscles

BACK TO GAME
36
Heartbreaker 300 Question

• Doris was born with a malformed pulmonary valve.
  How will that affect her circulation?
• a. Blood will flow more efficiently into her
  pulmonary trunk.
• b. Blood will regurgitate into her right atrium.
• c. Blood will flow back into her right ventricle.
• d. Deoxygenated blood will continuously pass
  around her systemic circuit.

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
37
Heartbreaker 300 Answer

• Doris was born with a malformed pulmonary valve.
  How will that affect her circulation?
• a. Blood will flow more efficiently into her
  pulmonary trunk.
• b. Blood will regurgitate into her right atrium.
• c. Blood will flow back into her right ventricle.
• d. Deoxygenated blood will continuously pass
  around her systemic circuit.

BACK TO GAME
38
Heartbreaker 400 Question

• Rick had a heart attack because of blockage of
  his right coronary artery. Which regions of his
  heart will be damaged by the blockage?
• a. SA node and AV node
• b. Interventricular septum and left atrium
• c. Portions of both ventricles
• d. A and C are correct.

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
39
Heartbreaker 400 Answer

• Rick had a heart attack because of blockage of
  his right coronary artery. Which regions of his
  heart will be damaged by the blockage?
• a. SA node and AV node
• b. Interventricular septum and left atrium
• c. Portions of both ventricles
• d. A and C are correct.

BACK TO GAME
40
Heartbreaker 500 Question

• How does damage to the cardioinhibitory center of
  the medulla affect heart rate? Why?
• a. Heart rate increases / Sympathetic dominance
• b. Heart rate decreases / Parasympathetic
  dominance
• c. Heart rate remains unchanged / Autonomic tone
  makes delicate adjustments
• d. Heart rate increases / Only the SA node will
  be controlling heart rate

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
41
Heartbreaker 500 Answer

• How does damage to the cardioinhibitory center of
  the medulla affect heart rate? Why?
• a. Heart rate increases / Sympathetic dominance
• b. Heart rate decreases / Parasympathetic
  dominance
• c. Heart rate remains unchanged / Autonomic tone
  makes delicate adjustments
• d. Heart rate increases / Only the SA node will
  be controlling heart rate

BACK TO GAME
42
My Heart Bleeds for You 100 Question

• Which blood vessels bring blood back into the
  right atrium from systemic circulation?
• a. Foramen ovale, pulmonary trunk, and ductus
  arteriosus
• b. Superior and inferior venae cavae
• c. Superior and inferior venae cavae and coronary
  sinus
• d. Aorta, pulmonary trunk, and pulmonary veins

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
43
My Heart Bleeds for You 100 Answer

• Which blood vessels bring blood back into the
  right atrium from systemic circulation?
• a. Foramen ovale, pulmonary trunk, and ductus
  arteriosus
• b. Superior and inferior venae cavae
• c. Superior and inferior venae cavae and coronary
  sinus
• d. Aorta, pulmonary trunk, and pulmonary veins

BACK TO GAME
44
My Heart Bleeds for You 200 Question

• What is the effect on heart rate of NE binding to
  beta-1 receptors?
• a. Increases rate of depolarization
• b. Decreases heart rate
• c. Increases heart rate
• d. A and C are correct.

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
45
My Heart Bleeds for You 200 Answer

• What is the effect on heart rate of NE binding to
  beta-1 receptors?
• a. Increases rate of depolarization
• b. Decreases heart rate
• c. Increases heart rate
• d. A and C are correct.

BACK TO GAME
46
My Heart Bleeds for You 300 Question

• Benjamin has an EDV of 120 ml, ESV of 45 ml,
  which gives him an SV of 75 ml. What is his
  ejection fraction?
• a. 45
• b. 75
• c. 37.5
• d. 60

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
47
My Heart Bleeds for You 300 Answer

• Benjamin has an EDV of 120 ml, ESV of 45 ml,
  which gives him an SV of 75 ml. What is his
  ejection fraction?
• a. 45
• b. 75
• c. 37.5
• d. 60

BACK TO GAME
48
My Heart Bleeds for You 400 Question

• Frank has just run a marathon and his heart is
  beating extremely rapidly. What happens to the
  length of diastole and filling time?
• a. Both increase
• b. Both decrease
• c. Length of diastole increases / filling time
  decreases
• d. Length of diastole decreases / filling time
  increases

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
49
My Heart Bleeds for You 400 Answer

• Frank has just run a marathon and his heart is
  beating extremely rapidly. What happens to the
  length of diastole and filling time?
• a. Both increase
• b. Both decrease
• c. Length of diastole increases / filling time
  decreases
• d. Length of diastole decreases / filling time
  increases

BACK TO GAME
50
My Heart Bleeds for You 500 Question

• Why is ESV lower when you are actively
  exercising?
• a. SV decreases and filling time increases.
• b. EDV is very low and ventricular muscle is
  stretched very little.
• c. EDV increases and ventricular muscle produces
  more forceful contractions ejecting more blood.
• d. Parasympathetic stimulation causes it.

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
51
My Heart Bleeds for You 500 Answer

• Why is ESV lower when you are actively
  exercising?
• a. SV decreases and filling time increases.
• b. EDV is very low and ventricular muscle is
  stretched very little.
• c. EDV increases and ventricular muscle produces
  more forceful contractions ejecting more blood.
• d. Parasympathetic stimulation causes it.

BACK TO GAME
52
FINAL ROUND Question

• What is the most important factor in considering
  cardiac function over time?
• a. Cardiac output
• b. Heart rate
• c. Stroke volume
• d. End systolic volume

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
53
FINAL ROUND Answer

• What is the most important factor in considering
  cardiac function over time?
• a. Cardiac output
• b. Heart rate
• c. Stroke volume
• d. End systolic volume

BACK TO GAME