The Role of Epidemiological Surveillance in Tobacco Control

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The Role of Epidemiological Surveillance in
Tobacco Control

• Yang Gonghuan
• China CDC/PUMC

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Monitor is one of MPOWER policies

• Contents and indicators
• The Importance of Surveillance Data
• The Characters of Effective Surveillance System
• The State of Monitoring Tobacco Control in the
  World
• The State od Monitoring Tobacco Control in China

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Contents and Indicators

• Prevalence of Tobacco Use
• Quitting willing, Quit and Cessation
• Second-Hand Smoke Exposure
• Knowledge and Attitude
• Impact of policy interventions
• Tobacco industry marketing, promotion and
  lobbying.

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Importance of Surveillance Data

• To ensure the success of the five other policy
  interventions in the MPOWER package
• To understand the problem of tobacco use
  epidemic
• To carry out effective interventions and allocate
  tobacco control resources
• Monitoring also shows whether policies are working

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States carried out tobacco control surveillance
in the World, 2010
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Summary of the methodology of the 1996, 2002, and
2010 surveys
1996 2002 2010
Implementing agency CAPM (former China CDC) CDC CDC
Target population Non-institutionalized adults aged 15-69 years Non-institutionalized adults aged 15-69 years Non-institutionalized adults aged 15 years and above
Sampling design Multi-stage cluster random sampling Multi-stage cluster random sampling Multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling
Survey method In household, face-to-face, paper-pencil In household, face-to-face, paper-pencil In household, face-to-face, iPAQ handheld administered
Geographic coverage 145 disease surveillance points in 30 provinces 145 disease surveillance points in 28 provinces 50 districts and 50 counties in 28 provinces
Sample size 123,930 16,056 13,562
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Current smoking rate among adults aged between 15
and 69 years in 1996, 2002 and 2010
Current smoking rate 1996 2002 2010 Average annual decreasing rate 1996-2002 Average annual decreasing rate 2002-2010
Male 63.0 57.4 54.0 0.93 0.43
Female 3.8 2.6 2.1 0.20 0.06
Urban 31.8 25.0 27.1 1.13 -0.26
Rural 36.9 33.0 30.0 0.65 0.38
Total 35.3 31.1 28.7 0.70 0.30
Total (standardized) 33.7 28.5 27.9 0.87 0.08
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Policy Indicators used in GATS China survey Result
Protecting people from the harms of SHS of indoor workers reporting a completely ban smoking at workplace 31.0
Protecting people from the harms of SHS of respondents who noticed smoking in public places 72.7
Offering cessation services of smokers who were advised to quit when visiting a health care provider during the past 12 months 33.9
Offering cessation services of smokers who attempted to quit without any cessation aids among all smokers who attempted to quit during the past 12 months 91.8
Warning of the harms of tobacco of people who noticed information about the dangers of tobacco use or that encourages quitting 59.8
Warning of the harms of tobacco of smokers who thought about quitting after seeing the warning labels on cigarette packages 36.4
Banning tobacco advertisement, promotion and sponsorship of people who noticed tobacco marketing during the past 30 days 19.6
Banning tobacco advertisement, promotion and sponsorship Percentage of people who noticed tobacco marketing on TV during the past 30 days 7.4
Increasing tobacco taxes and prices How much did 50 of current smokers spent a package of cigarettes 5 RBM LESS
Increasing tobacco taxes and prices Expenditure of 100 packs of manufactured cigarettes as a percentage of 2009 GDP per capita 2.0
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Question?

• How to judge the quality of the survey?
• How to feedback data and results?
• How to share data for tobacco control?