Verb review

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Verb review

• English 10
• From Writers Inc.
• Mrs. Eberts

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Main verbs

• Action or linking
• Does not include helping/ auxiliary verbs

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Action verbs

• Shows action or movement
• Should use about 70-80 of time in your writing
• Transitive/intransitive
• takes DOs and IOs
• Active/passive voice

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Linking verbs

• Shows a state of being
• Many come from the verb to be
• Refer to poem Am, are, is, was, were, shall be
• Often also act as helping verbs

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Auxiliary verbs

• Also called helping verbs
• forms of to be, have, can, will, could, should,
  would, etc.

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Tenses

• Simple
• Past
• Present
• Future

• Perfect
• Past Perfect
• Present Perfect
• Future Perfect

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Tenses, contd

• Simple tenses use NO helping verbs (Exception
  future uses will)

• Perfect tenses use a form of have (future perfect
  uses will have)

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Present tense note

• Present tense ONLY 3rd person singular
  he, she, it adds s to verb

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Conjugation

• Matches correct form of verb with singular and
  plural pronouns in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd person
• Use the chart!!!
• Maintain same tense within each chart

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Conjugation, contd
to go Singular Plural
1st I go we go
2nd you go you go
3rd he, she, it goes they go
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VoiceAction verbs only!!

• Active voice
• Applies to action verbs only
• Subject DOES the action

• Passive voice
• Applies to action verbs only
• Subject RECEIVES the action

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TransitivityAction verbs only!!

• Transitive
• Take a direct object to complete action
• May also take an indirect object
• Will NOT have an IO without a DO

• Intransitive
• Action is complete in itself
• Does NOT take an object
• May have other modifiers

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Verbals

• Derived from verbs, but act as other parts of
  speech
• Gerund
• Infinitive
• Participle

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Verbals, contd
functions as functions as functions as
Type of verbal Noun Adj Adv
gerund (ends in ing) x
infinitive (introduced by to) x x X
participle (ends in ing or ed) x
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Gerunds

• -ing verbs that act as nouns
• Examples
• Shopping is a favorite activity.
• Talking instead of listening caused me to
  misunderstand the assignment.

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Infinitives

• to verb (always keep them together) Example
• To sleep, perchance to dream
• May act as noun, adjective, or adverb
• Split infinitive dont do it!
• Do NOT conjugate infinitives

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Participles

• Present participle
• ends in ing
• uses a form of to be as a helping verb
• acts as adjective when not used as a verb with
  its helper
• also called progressive form

• Past Participle
• regular verbs end in d or ed
• uses a form of have as helping verb
• acts as an adjective when not used as a verb with
  its helper

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Verb moods

• Indicative statements questions
• Imperative commands
• Subjunctive conditions contrary to fact (wishes,
  dreams, as if, as though)

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Regular/Irregular

• Regular forms past tense and past participle
  with d or ed ending
• Irregular doesnt! -) forms past tense and past
  participle in other ways!

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Principle parts of verbs

• Primarily
• Present
• Past
• Past Participle

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Principle parts of verbs, contd
Infinitive Present Past Past Participle
to go go/goes went have gone
to see see/s saw have seen
to kick kick/s kicked have kicked
to have have/has had have had
to read read/s read have read