Unit 10: Personality

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Unit 10 Personality
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Essential question

• From where do ones personality traits derive,
  and how do they affect ones life experiences?

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Unit 10-A The Psychoanalytic perspective

• Jessica Burgess

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Do now

• Discussion
• How do you define personality?

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Sigmund freud

• An Austrian neurologist who became known as the
  father of psychoanalysis

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psychoanalysis

• Psychoanalysis Freuds theory of personality
  that attributes thoughts and actions to
  unconscious motives and conflicts
• Free Association In psychoanalysis, a method of
  exploring the unconscious in which the person
  relaxes and says whatever comes to mind, no
  matter how trivial or embarassing

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Unconscious

• According to Freud, a reservoir of mostly
  unacceptable thoughts, wishes, feelings and
  memories. According to contemporary
  psychologists, information processing of which we
  are unaware

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Personality structure

• Id Contains a reservoir of unconscious psychic
  energy, that strives to satisfy basic sexual and
  aggressive drives. The id operates on the
  pleasure principle, demanding immediate
  gratification
• Ego The largely conscious, executive part of
  the personality that mediates among the demands
  of the id, superego, and reality.
• Superego The part of the personality that
  represents internalized ideals and provides
  standards for judgment (the conscience) and for
  future aspirations

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Personality development

• Psychosexual Stages The childhood stages of
  development during which the ids
  pleasure-seeking energies focus on distinct
  pleasure-sensitive areas known as erogenous zones

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Personality development

• Oedipus Complex A boys sexual desires toward
  his mother and feelings of jealousy and hatred
  for the rival father during the phallic stage
• Identification The process by which children
  incorporate their parents values into their
  developing superegos
• Fixation A lingering focus of pleasure-seeking
  energies at the oral, anal, or phallic stages in
  which conflicts were unresolved

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Defense mechanisms

• Defense Mechanisms The egos protective methods
  of reducing anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings,
  and memories from consciousness
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?v__8GQcUVpx0

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The neo-Freudian and psychodynamic theorists

• Alfred Adler An Austrian psychotherapist known
  for his work in the inferiority complex
  recognizing that isolation plays a key role in
  personality development
• Karen Horney German psychoanalyst who founded
  Feminist Psychology in response to Freuds theory
  of penis envy. She also disagreed with Freud in
  that the inherent psychological differences
  between men and women can be found in society and
  culture rather than biology
• Carl Jung Swiss psychotherapist who theorized
  that the unconscious contains more than repressed
  thoughts and feelings and that we also have a
  collective unconscious (a common reservoir of
  images derived from our species universal
  experiences)

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Projective tests

• Projective Tests A personality test that
  provides ambiguous stimuli designed to trigger
  projection of ones inner dynamics
• Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) A projective
  test in which people express their inner feelings
  and interests through the stories they make up
  about ambiguous scenes

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Rorschach inkblot test

• The most widely used projective test, a set of 10
  inkblots, designed by Hermann Rorschach, seeks to
  identify peoples inner feelings by analyzing
  their interpretations of the blots

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Modern unconscious mind

• Terror Management Theory A theory proposed by
  Jeff Greenberg, Sheldon Solomon, and Tom
  Pyszczynski of death-related anxiety that
  explores peoples emotional and behavioral
  responses to reminders of their impending death

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Unit 10-A review

• What is psychoanalysis?
• Who is the father of psychoanalysis?
• What are the psychosexual stages of development?