2nd 6 Weeks 3 Week Test Review

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2nd 6 Weeks 3 Week Test Review
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Topic to study

• Digestive System
• Physical / Chemical changes in digestion
• Energy Transformations
• Large Molecules Breakdown
• Organic Compounds
• Excretory System

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1. What function does the excretory system do
for your body?

• The Excretory System removes waste from the body.

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2. What system is responsible for breaking down
nutrients to provide energy for your body?

• Digestive System

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3. What are the major organs of the digestive
system and what job do they perform?

• Liver produces bile, a liquid that is stored in
  the gall bladder. Bile is released into the small
  intestine, where it breaks up large fat molecules
• Pancreas enzymes made here help break down
  carbohydrates and protein in small intestine.

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• Stomach grinds the food into smaller pieces,
  gastric juices and acids break apart large
  protein molecules.
• Small Intestine Nutrients are absorbed through
  the villi, where most digestion occurs.
• Large Intestine Material can not be digested,
  liquids are absorbed, the solid is waste we call
  feces that leaves the body through the rectum and
  anus.

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4. What occurs in the stomach?

• Muscles in the stomach grind food into smaller
  pieces. Gastric Juice and hydrochloric acid made
  in the stomach breaks apart large protein
  molecules.

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5. What occurs in the small and large intestines?

• Materials that cannot be digested move into the
  large intestine. The large intestine absorbs
  much of the water still trapped in the food
  waste. The solid that remains is called feces.

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6. Breakdown of food in the mouth is an example
of what type of change?

• Mechanical Teeth grind food into smaller
  pieces.
• Chemical Saliva begins to break down complex
  starches into smaller sugars.

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7. Identify various physical and chemical changes
that occur in digestion and label each.

• Physical Teeth break down food into smaller
  pieces / stomach muscles grind food into smaller
  pieces
• Chemical Saliva reacts with food to break it
  down / Bile reacts to break down fat molecules /
  Gastric Juice and hydrochloric acid react to
  break apart large protein molecules / Pancreas
  produces enzymes that react to break down
  carbohydrates

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8. Differentiate between a physical and chemical
change.How are they similar and how are they
different?

• Physical breaks down the appearance but not what
  the substance is.
• Chemical breaks down the substance by forming a
  new substance.
• Both break particles into smaller pieces

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9. What foods contain carbohydrates?
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10. What do you call the substances in your mouth
which help break down food?

• Saliva

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11. What do you call the substances in your
stomach which help break down food?

• Gastric Juices
• Hydrochloric Acid

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12. What do you call the substances in your
pancreas which help break down food?

• Enzymes

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13. Use a flow chart or a diagram to show the
transformation of energy from breakfast or lunch
through your day.
plants
sun
food
animal
solar
chemical
chemical
chemical
digestive system
mechanical
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14. Describe the role of digestion in the
transformation of energy.

• Absorption
• Chemical / Physical

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15.What compound is broken down in the digestive
system for energy?

• Food / Nutrients
• Carbohydrates to sugars

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16. How are foods broken down in the digestive
system?

• http//interactivehuman.blogspot.com/2008/05/diges
  tion-interactive-game-for-kids.html
• Click on link above

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17. What are organic compounds?

• Organic Compounds contain carbon and hydrogen and
  are usually associated with living things.

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18. What are inorganic compounds?

• Inorganic compounds do not contain carbon.
• Examples Water, Salt, and acids like sulfuric
  acid

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Carbon Compounds

• Life as we know it is carbon based.

• Why?
• A carbon atom can form chemical bonds with other
  carbon atoms in long chains or rings.

• Carbon compounds in living things include

• Carbohydrates

• Nucleic Acids

• Proteins

• Fats

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Carbohydrates

• Carbohydrates are energy-rich compounds made from
  the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. (CHO)
• Function Cells use carbohydrates to get and
  store energy.
• Examples Sugars and starches.

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Proteins
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• Proteins are large molecules made of carbon,
  hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur. (CHONS)
• Proteins are made of smaller molecules called
  amino acids.
• Function Build organelles, build body parts,
  helps with body defense.
• Examples Hair, nails, enzymes.

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Lipids

• Lipids are made by cells to store energy for long
  periods of time. They are composed of the
  elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. (CHO)
• Function Store long term energy.
• Examples Fats, oils, and waxes.

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23. What is the function of the excretory system?

• To rid the body of waste

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24. Why is the circulatory system important to
the excretory system?

• The circulatory system transports waste from the
  cells through out the body in blood to the
  excretory system.
• The excretory system gets rid of the waster
  depending on what type it is.

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25. How does the Urinary system function?

• http//kidshealth.org/PageManager.jsp?lic1articl
  e_set59257cat_id20607

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• 26. How do these systems function together as
  parts of your excretory system?

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• www.plummerpumasscience.yolasite.com