Standards

1
Standards

• SSUSH16
• The student will identify key developments in the
  aftermath of WW I.
• Element SSUSH16.a
• Explain how rising communism and socialism in the
  United States led to the Red Scare and immigrant
  restriction.
• Element SSUSH16.c
• Identify Henry Ford, mass production, and the
  automobile.
• Element SSUSH16.d
• Describe the impact of radio, and the movies.
• Element SSUSH16.e
• Describe modern forms of cultural expression,
  including Louis Armstrong and the origins of
  jazz, Langston Hughes and the Harlem Renaissance,
  Irving Berlin, and Tin Pan Alley.
•  

2
The Roaring 20sChapter 20 1919-1929

• How did the United States experience both
  economic growth and social change in the decade
  after World War I?

3
b
A Booming Economy
The Automobile Drives Prosperity   Main Idea A
large economic boom in the 1920s was sparked
largely by the automobile industry. Henry Fords
use of mass production and assembly lines lowered
car prices and increased the number of Americans
who owned cars. A Bustling Economy Main
Idea The economic growth of the 1920 impacted
both consumers and the stock market. Cities,
Suburbs, and Country Main Idea Cities grew in
population and size and improved transportation
allowed suburbs to expand, but rural areas did
not share in this growth. Continued
4
Postwar Adjustments

• Economic Adjustments
• Wartime demand dropped
• Soldiers faced unemployment
• Lower demand
• Higher cost of living
• Labor Unrest increased
• Discrimination against blacks

5
A Booming EconomySection 1

• How did the booming economy of the 1920s lead to
  changes in American life?
• Vocabulary
• -Henry Ford consumer revolution
• -mass production installment buying
• -Model T bull market
• -assembly line buying on margin
• -scientific management

6
A Consumer Economy

• Buying On Credit
• Age of Electricity
• Ford and the Automobile
• Effects on the rest of the economy
• Industrial growth

7
Auto Drives Prosperity

• Henry Ford assembly line moving line brought
  car to the worker, who added parts reduced
  production time for a Model T to 90 minutes
• Scientific management process of hiring experts
  to improve mass production techniques
• Ordinary people could
• afford one

8
Economic Boom of the 1920s
GRAPH
9
Changes in America

• Auto industry stimulated other industries related
  to car manufacture (insurance, steel, glass,
  rubber, asphalt, wood, gasoline, road
  construction)

• Other forms of transportation declined
• Appearance of service stations, diners, motels
• Sense of freedom
• Suburbs

10
Consumer Revolution

• Advertising
• Consumer credit installment buying
• Bull market, period of rising stock prices
• Buying on margin borrowing money to buy stocks

11
Cities, Suburbs, and Country

• People flock to cities
• Suburbs grow, draining people and resources from
  the cities
• Many Americans face hardship farm incomes
  declined during the 1920s

12
Chart Earnings of Agricultural Employees
1918-1928
Earnings of Agricultural Employees, 1918-1928
CHART
13
Transparency New York City Skyline
New York City Skyline
TRANSPARENCY
14
Chart Population of Selected U.S. Cities,
1910-1930
Population of Selected U.S. Cities, 1910-1930
CHART
15
Reading Skill Identify Supporting Details
NOTE TAKING
16
Progress Monitoring Transparency Section 1
PM TRANSPARENCY
Progress Monitoring Transparency
17
The Business of GovernmentSection 2

• How did domestic and foreign policy change
  direction under Harding and Coolidge?
• Vocabulary
• -Andrew Mellon Herbert Hoover
• -Calvin Coolidge Teapot Dome scandal
• -Washington Naval Disarmament
• Conference
• -Kellogg-Briand Pact
• -Dawes Plan

18
The Business of Government
The Harding Administration Main Idea While in
office, Harding reduced regulation of business
and turned to others to make decisions, often
leading to scandal. Coolidge Prosperity
Main Idea Coolidge supported big business,
worked to reduce national debt, and oversaw a
boom in the nations economy. However, he took
no action against many social problems occurring
at the time. Americas Role in the
World Main Idea World War I impacted American
foreign policy in the 1920s, as the government
worked with other countries to collect war debts
and prevent future wars.  
19
A Republican Decade

• Warren G. Harding
• Elected in 1920
• Scandals
• Died August 3 1923
• Calvin Coolidge
• Laissez Faire Capitalism
• The business of the American people is business
• Kellogg-Briand Pact
• Herbert Hoover 1928

20
Harding Administration

• Andrew Mellon Secretary of the Treasury,
  advanced business interests
• Reduced spending from 18 billion to 3 billion
• Raised tariffs, weakening world economy

• Herbert Hoover Secretary of Commerce, sought
  voluntary advancements between labor and business

21
Political Scandals

• Warren G. Harding
• One of the worst Presidents in the history of the
  U.S.
• Advocated anti-lynching laws
• allowed Eugene Debs in the White House
• Hardings cabinet was extremely corrupt
• Teapot Dome Scandal
• Worst of the scandals
• This 1924 cartoon shows the dimensions of the
  Teapot Dome scandal

22
Analyze Political Cartoons The Teapot Dome
Scandal
Political Cartoons The Teapot Dome Scandal
ANALYZE
23
Republican Foreign Policy

• Harding
• Isolationism (leads to nativism)
• Disarmament reducing the size and strength of
  the military
• Limiting Immigration Quota for 350,000 people
  per year to immigrate
• Coolidge
• Kellogg-Briand Pact 1928
• Aristide Briand and Frank. B. Kellogg signed the
  Kellogg-Briand Pact (Pact of Paris). The treaty
  outlawed war between France and the United
  States. The US Senate ratified it in 1929 and
  over the next few years 62 nations signed a
  similar agreement committing themselves to peace.
  Unenforceable

24
Coolidge Prosperity

• Reduced the national debt
• Trimmed the federal budget
• Lowered taxes
• Boom economy
• Troubles brewing
• -farmers struggled to keep land
• -labor unions
• -Discrimination

25
Collecting War Debts

• U.S. refused to join the World Court
• Dawes Plan U.S. make loans to Germany to pay
  reparation to Britain and France
• Britain and France repay debts to U.S.
• After crash of 1929, Germany stopped reparation
  payments, and Britain and France stopped paying
  the U.S.
• After World War II, the U.S. would be more
  flexible

26
Note Taking Reading Skill Compare and Contrast
Reading Skill Compare and Contrast
NOTE TAKING
27
Transparency A Booming Economy
A Booming Economy
TRANSPARENCY
28
The United States in International Affairs,
1920-1929
QUICK STUDY
29
Progress Monitoring Transparency Section 2
PM TRANSPARENCY
Progress Monitoring Transparency
30
Social and Cultural TensionsSection 3

• How did Americans differ on major social and
  cultural issues?
• Vocabulary
• -modernism Ku Klux Klan
• -fundamentalism Prohibition
• -Scopes Trial Volstead Act
• -18th Amendment Clarence Darrow
• -quota system bootlegger

31
Social and Cultural Tensions
Traditionalism and Modernism Clash   Main Idea
In 1920 a noticeable divide appeared between
urban and rural areas in the United States, as
modern views spread in cities. Restricting
Immigration Main Idea Quota laws were passed
limiting the number of immigrants who could enter
the United States. The New Ku Klux Klan Main
Idea The Ku Klux Klan was revived, showing the
anger some felt at the new shape America was
taking. In addition to showing hatred to
African Americans, it now also targeted Jews,
Catholics, and immigrants. Prohibition and
Crime Main Idea Americans were divided over the
Eighteenth Amendment, which made it illegal to
manufacture or sell alcohol anywhere in the
country, and many people continued to buy and
sell alcohol. Continued
32
Traditionalism and Modernism

• More Americans in urban areas
• Urban Americans open to social change and science
  modernism
• Rural Americans more traditional view of
  religion, science, and culture
• Education
• Religious fundamentalism (Bible as literal truth)
• Clash over evolution

33
Chart High School Education 1900-1930
High School Education, 1900-1930
CHART
34
Science vs. Religion Debate

• Darwins Origin of Species
• Biblical Creation
• John T. Scopes
• ACLU Clarence Darrow vs. William Jennings
  Bryant
• Arguments?

35
Nativism

• refers to a widespread attitude in a society of a
  rejection of alien persons or culture
• Believed immigrants could not be fully loyal to
  the US
• Did not like Jews, Catholics, or Orthodox
  Christians
• City problems (slums,corruption) were blamed on
  the immigrants
• Immigrants meant competition for jobs
• Believed they carried dangerous political ideas
• Socialism, Anarchy, etc.
• Most of them came from very politically unstable
  countries

36
National Origins Act

• Number of immigrants of a given nationality each
  year could not exceed 2 percent of the number of
  people of that nationality living in the U.S. in
  1890
• America had closed its golden door

37
Rising Intolerance

• Nationwide Racial Discrimination
• Yellow Peril
• African Americans in the North
• Anti Semitic business practices
• Mexicans
• The New Ku Klux Klan
• White, Protestant, native born, Americans
• Hiram Wesley Evans Imperial Wizard
• Over 4 million member in 1924
• KKK Violence

38
Prohibition

• 18th Amendment
• Volstead Act enforced the amendment
• Stills, bootleggers
• Organized crime
• Al Capone

39
Color Transparency Political Cartoon Prohibition
Political Cartoon Prohibition
TRANSPARENCY
40
Note Taking Reading Skill Contrast
Reading Skill Contrast
NOTE TAKING
41
Comparing Viewpoints Should a State Ban Teaching
of Darwins Theory of Evolution?
COMPARING VIEWPOINT
Should a State Ban Teaching of Darwins Theory of
Evolution?
42
PM TRANSPARENCY
Progress Monitoring Transparency
43
A New Mass CultureSection 4

• How did the new mass culture reflect
  technological and social changes?
• Vocabulary
• -Charlie Chaplin Sigmund Freud
• -The Jazz Singer Lost Generation
• -Babe Ruth F. Scott Fitzgerald
• -Charles Lindbergh Ernest Hemingway

44
A New Mass Culture
New Trends in Popular Culture Main Idea With
more free time, Americans turned to movies,
radio, and the phonograph as entertainment,
creating a mass popular culture for the first
time. An Age of Heroes Main Idea Newspapers
and radios allowed athletes and other figures of
the time to become heroes to the American public.
Women Assume New Roles Main Idea Womens
roles changed as they were given more social and
political opportunities. Modernism in Art and
Literature Main Idea After World War I, writers
and artists developed new styles and ideas that
appeared in their works.
45
Society in the 1920s
46
New Trends in Popular Culture

• More Leisure Time
• -Work week decreased
• Movies
• -Silent films Charlie Chaplin
• -Talkies The Jazz Singer
• Radio, phonograph

47
Mass Media

• Newspapers
• Between 1920 and 1930circulation rose from 27.8
  million to almost 40 million
• Motion Pictures
• Moviemaking became the 4th largest business in
  the country
• 1922 40 million viewers per week, 1930, 90
  million per week
• Radio
• NBC
• Medium for the masses
• United the countryWhy?

48
American Heroes

• Lucky Lindy
• Amelia Earhart
• Jack Dempsey
• Babe Ruth and Lou Gehrig
• Gertrude Ederle
• Helen Wills

49
Note Taking Reading Skill Summarize
Reading Skill Summarize
NOTE TAKING
50
Note Taking Reading Skill Summarize
Reading Skill Summarize
NOTE TAKING
51
The Harlem Renaissance
A New Black Consciousness Main Idea To deal
with the racial problems African Americans
continued to face, Marcus Garvey started a
movement for black nationalism. The Jazz
Age Main Idea Jazz, a hybrid of African
American and European music forms, originated in
the South and spread quickly across the country,
becoming a symbol of the twenties. The Harlem
Renaissance Main Idea African American writers
and artists expressed racial and cultural views,
leaving a lasting impact on how all Americans
viewed African Americans.
52
The Flapper and Changes for Women

• Style
• bobbed their Hair
• Wore makeup and shorter dresses
• Smoked and drank in public
• Work and Politics
• Women moved into office, sales, and professional
  jobs
• Voted in local and national elections
• Elected to political office

53
Charles Lindbergh

• May 1927, Lindbergh took off from Long Island,
  New York
• Spirit of St. Louis
• In 33 hours, he landed in Paris
• Lone Eagle

54
Modernism in Art and Literature

• Abstract styles in art
• Literature Lost Generation

55
Quick Study American Postwar Novelists
American Postwar Novelists
QUICK STUDY
56
PM TRANSPARENCY
Progress Monitoring Transparency
57
The Harlem RenaissanceSection 5

• How did African Americans express a new sense of
  hope and pride?
• Vocabulary
• -Marcus Garvey Claude McKay
• -jazz Louis Armstrong
• -Langston Hughes Bessie Smith
• -Zora Neale Hurston
• -Harlem Renaissance

58
Marcus Garvey and Black Pride

• Alternative solutions to accepting white
  supremacy
• the first man to give millions of Negroes a
  sense of dignity and destiny MLK
• Black Pride
• Published the Negro World
• Black Eagle Flying Corps
• Empower blacks worldwide toward economic,
  religious, psychological, and cultural
  independence
• Believed in racial separatism

59
The Jazz Age

• Jazz Clubs
• Music emerged from New
• Orleans
• 500 clubs in Harlem alone
• Cotton Club, Connies Inn, The Saratoga Club
• Jelly Roll Morton Band, Louis Armstrong
  (Satchmo), Duke Ellington, Bessie Smith

60
Harlem Renaissance

• African American Literary awakening
• Langston Hughes
• Zora Neale Hurston

61
Reading Skill Identify Main Ideas
NOTE TAKING
62
The Harlem Renaissance
TRANSPARENCY
63
PM TRANSPARENCY
Progress Monitoring Transparency