How to Write a Bibliography

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How to Write a Bibliography
2
Why Cite

• Avoid Plagiarism
• To steal or pass off the ideas of another as
  ones own. Merriam Websters Collegiate
  Dictionary
• Turnitin.com
• A website that checks student papers for
  originality against other student papers and 11
  billion web pages.
• Used by High Schools Colleges to check for
  plagiarism.
• http//turnitin.com/static/index.html

3
When to Cite

• Direct Quotation
• To be, or not to be that is the question
• Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer
• The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune
• William Shakespeare. Hamlet

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When to Cite

• Paraphrase
• Express the same message in different words.
• Take information from a source and put it
  entirely in your own words.
• Exact Quote The most pervasive
  twentieth-century theory concerning Stonehenge is
  the notion that the megaliths were set up to
  serve as a calendar or an ancient computer to
  predict astronomical events (Wendy Mass.
  Stonehenge).
• Paraphrase A common theory in the twentieth
  century is that Stonehenge was created to serve
  as a calendar or computer to forecast
  astronomical happenings (Wendy Mass. Stonehenge).

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When to Cite

• Facts, Numbers
• Introduce information that is not common
  knowledge
• Common knowledge is information most people know
  or can find out easily in an encyclopedia or
  dictionary

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What style to use

• Usually teacher assigns style to paper.
• Most common
• MLA
• Revised 2009
• APA
• Revised 2007

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What to include in your bibliography

• Basic book entries should contain
• Author
• Title
• Date
• Publisher
• If a periodical, include
• Journal/Magazine Title
• Journal/Magazine article title
• Volume number/issue number

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What to include in your bibliography

• Website
• Title or name of webpage
• Date retrieved from Internet
• Web address (URL)

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Steps to Cite Your Work

• Work Cited page is a separate sheet of paper at
  the end of the document.
• Arranged in alphabetical order by author.
• If there is no author, use the title.
• Double space ENTRIES (not each line).
• Indent the second and following lines of each
  entry 5 spaces (hanging indent).

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APA Example
Work Cited

• Association of American Publishers. (2008). AAP
  Reports Book Sales Rose to 25 Billion in 2007.
  Retrieved October 28, 2008 from
  http//publishers.org/main/IndustryStats/indStats_
  02.htm.
•  
• Byle, A. (2008). Zondervan launches teen fiction
  line, Christian publishers sees high potential in
  young adult market. The Grand Rapids Press, p.
  C1. Retrieved November 10, 2008 from Custom
  Newspapers. Gale Database.
•  
• Bowker. (n.d.). New Book Titles and Editions,
  2002-2007. Bowker. Retrieved October 28, 2008
  from http//www.bowker.com/bookwire/IndustryStats2
  008.pdf.
•  
• Campbell P. (2004). YA biblio-bullish trends the
  sand in the oyster. The Horn Book Magazine, 80,
  p.61. Retrieved November 10, 2008 from Expanded
  Academic ASAP.
•  
• Chang, I. (2008). HarperCollins, MySpace book a
  place on teen readers radar. PR Weekly, p.5.
  Retrieved November 10, 2008 from LexisNexis
  Academic.
•  
• Goodnow, C. (2007). Top ten trends in teen
  literature. Seattle Post-Intelligencer, p. C8.
  Retrieved November 10, 2008 from Custom
  Newspapers. Gale Database.
•  
• Hutkin, E. (2007). Who says teens dont read? The
  Roanoke Times. Retrieved October 28, 2008 from
  Newspaper Source database.
•  
• Raugust, K. (1998). TV tie-ins target teen and
  preteen girls. Publishers Weekly, 245 n.3.
  Retrieved November 10, 2008 from Business and
  Company ASAP.

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In-Text Citations

• In-Text Citations
• A brief mention in the text of your paper
  (usually at the end of a sentence).
• Leads the reader to the complete information
  about that reference (usually work
  cited/bibliography).
• Should include authors name, page number and,
  for APA style, date of publication.

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Examples

• MLA
• A recent newspaper article described just how
  thoroughly the neighborhoods gruesome past has
  been forgotten by its residents (Jackson 70).
• APA
• A recent newspaper article described just how
  thoroughly the neighborhoods gruesome past has
  been forgotten by its residents (Jackson, 2002,
  p. 70).

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Where to go for help

• Online Citation Manuals
• OWL
• http//owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/
• C.W. Post Campus
• http//www.liu.edu/cwis/cwp/library/workshop/citat
  ion.htm
• Online Citation Builders
• North Carolina Universities
• http//www.liu.edu/cwis/cwp/library/workshop/citat
  ion.htm
• BIBME
• http//www.bibme.org/

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Work Cited

• Mass, W. (1998). Stonehenge. San Diego, CA
  Lucent Books, Inc.
• Merriam-Websters Collegiate Dictinary. (1993).
  Springfield, MA
• Merriam-Webster, Incorporated.
• Shakespeare, W. (1988). Hamlet. New York Bantam
  Books.