Biochemistry: Major Organic Molecules

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BiochemistryMajor Organic Molecules

• Proteins Building Blocks of Life

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Proteins What are they?

• FUNCTIONS
• Structural
• Support - connective tissue
• Keratin hair, finger nails
• Transport
• Hemoglobin

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Proteins What are they?

• Some Hormones
• Coordinate body activity (insulin, growth horm.)
• Muscles (actin, myosin)

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See page 919-920 (Honors Holt) See page 1009
(CP McDougal)
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Proteins What are they?

• Enzymes
• Accelerate the speed of a chemical reaction

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Enzyme example
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More about Enzymes

• End in -ase
• Are catalysts substance that initiates or accel.
  a chem. Rx w/o itself being affected
• Each unique Used for Only 1 type Rx
• Are reusable arent consumed in Rx
• What can mess up enzymes?
• HEAT Think of a frying egg
• pH Very high/low pHs mess up active
  sites on enzyme

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What are they made of?

• Proteins are polymers
• Poly many
• Polymers LARGE molecules made of smaller,
  repeating units, called Monomers
• These monomers are made up of C, H, O, N, and
  some S (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen,
  sulfur)
• Monomers are called Amino Acids

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Amino Acids

• Draw...
• amino group
• carboxyl group
• a C (alpha carbon)
• R group
• 20 types of a.a.
• 12 made in our body, 8 must be consumed

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Types of a.a.
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Amino Acids

• A.a. bind together through dehydration synthesis,
  forming a peptide bond

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