?????? ??????? ? ????????? ???????? Virgo

1
?????? ??????? ? ????????? ???????? Virgo

• ?.?. ??????, ?.?. ????????, ?.?. ??????????
  (????),
• ?.?. ?????????? , ?.?. ???????? (???),
• P. Teerikorpi, M.J. Valtonen (Turku), G.G. Byrd
  (Alabama)

2
??????????
???????????????? ?????????? ?? ????? ??????? (
3 000 ???) ???????????
(Riess et al. 1998, Perlmutter et al. 1999)
?????????
??????????? ? ?????????? ?????????
????????? ??-?? ????????????? ?????????????
??????? ????????? ????????????? ?????????
?????? ????????

3
?????????????? ?????? ?????????
Radiation 0.01

4
?????????? ?????????? (?CDM)
?????? ??????? ? ??????????? ??????
????? ? ??????????
?? ? /(8 p G) gt 0
? ????? ???????
??????? (c 1) ????????? ????????? (??????
1965) p? -
??


?????? ???????? ? ?????
???????????

5
????????????? ??? ???? ?????????
??????????????? ????? ? 3
p ??? ?????? ??????? ?? 3 p? -2 ?? lt
0 !
(c1)




6
?????????????? ?????? (2010) ??
(0,72 0,03) 10-29 ? ??-3
P?/?? - 1 0,1

(c 1)
7
????????? ?????????? ??????? 1-10
??? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ?
????????? ???????? ? ???????? ??????????
?????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????
????????? ? ?????????????
8
??????? ??????????? ??????
??????? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ?????









Karachentsev et al. 2006

nanoverse
6
M?? ---------------------------------------------
------

9
??????? ??????????? ?????? ???????
?????? ??????? ??????????? ?????


HST data
Karachentsev et al. 2009
10
???? ??? ?????? ??????????? ?????
?
??????? ?????? ?????








FN
M
FE

?????? FN - G M R -2 ????????
FE (8?/3) G ?? R
(?? ??????? ?????)
11
????? ?????????? ?????????????
F - G Meff/R2 Meff
(4?/3) (? 3 p) R3 ??? ?????? ???????
?? 3 p? -2 ?? FE (8?/3)
G ?? R ?? ????? ??????????
????????




12
????????????? ??????? ?????????, ????

R gt R?
3 M/(8? ??) 1/3


?????? ???????? ?????????

R? 1 (M/1012 Msun) 1/3 Mp?
(Chernin et
al. 2000)
M


13

?????? ????????
?????????



R? 3 M/(8? ??) 1/3


?????? ????????
M (1-10) 1012 Msun ? R? 1-2
Mpc ????????? ???????? M (0.1-10)
1015 Msun ? R? 5-20 Mpc















FN
M
FE






14
??????? ??????????? ??????



??????
???????? ?????????






R? 1.2-1.5 Mpc



M (2-4) 1012 Msun,





nanoverse
6
M?? ---------------------------------------------
------

Karachentsev et al. 2006
15
??????? ??????????? ??????
?????? R lt R? ????????? ?????????? ?????
R gt R? A???????????? ??????????
R? 1.2-1.5 Mpc
HST data Karachentsev et al. 2009
16
????????? ??????????? ??????
CenA
M81
17
??????? ?????????
18
????????? ???????? Virgo ??????????? ???????
1o 0.3 Mpc
19
??????????? ??????? Virgo ???????
ROSAT
20
Virgo ???????
21
????????? Virgo ? ????????????????? ?????
? 60o
??ra?hentsev Nasonov? 2010 TRGBCeph 37
Ntot 467
22
????????? Virgo ? ????????????????? ?????
? 60o
??ra?hentsev Nasonov? 2010 TRGBCeph 37
Ntot 467
23

VIRGO R????? ????????
?????????



R? 3 M/(8? ??) 1/3


?????
????????? (Karachentsev Nasonova 2010, Tully
Mohayaee 2004)
M (0.6-1.2) 1015 Msun
R?
8-11 M??














FN
M
FE






24
????????? ??????????? ??????? VIRGO
25
R? 8-11 M??
????????? R lt R? ????????? ?????????? ?????
R gt R? ????????????? ??????????
26
???????? ?????????????????? ?????? d2R/dt2 FN
FE - G M R-2 (8?/3) G ?? R ½ (dR/dt)2
½ V2 G M R-1 (4?/3) G ?? R2 E,

E
const R ? ? V ? (8? G ??/3)1/2 R H? R,
H? (8? G ??/3)1/2 62-64 km/s/Mpc
27
????????????????? ?????
R?
Vmed Hmed R Hmed 68 km/s/Mpc H?
28
?????? ?????? ??????????? ????????
Vpar
Vmin
Virgocentric Flow
29

????????? ? ????????????????? ?????? ??????????
?? ?????? Virgo (Karachentsev Nasonova 2010)

RMW 17 Mpc



FE/FN (RMW/R?)3 4-7
Virgo pool (Silk 1974, Peebles 1976) ??????
??????????????
?????????? ?
Virgo Virgo push (Chernin, Karachentsev,
Nasonova et al. 2010)
??????? ???????????? ??
Virgo














FN
M
FE






30
?????????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??
???????????????? ??????????
????????? (1967) ?????? ??? ??????
????????? ????? Arkani-Hamed et al. (2000)
?? (MEW/MP)8 ?P ? 10-29 ? ??-3
MEW 1 TeB, MP 1015 TeB, ?P 1091 ?
??-3