The World Today

1
The World Today
2
Describe the difference between Global North and
Global South

• The difference is the wealth in the two.
• Global North includes North American, Western
  Europe, Japan and Australia which has high
  standards of living, high literacy rates.

3

• Global South includes Latin America, Africa and
  Asia which are developing and very poor.

4
How each of the following hindered development in
the South
5
Geography

• Lack of rainfall, fertile land and natural
  disasters (earthquakes, tsunamis).

6
Population Growth

• High birthrates and better medical care has led
  to overpopulation which means lack of food,
  housing, jobs and medical care.
• Population growth - Wikipedia, the free
  encyclopedia

7
Past Economic Problems

• After new independence, they developed socialist
  governments which created economic problems.

8
Economic Dependence, Debt and Trade Deficits

• Relied on farming which led to not enough
  industry in their countries leading to a trade
  deficit. Then, because of economic problems they
  borrowed money from foreign banks they cant pay
  back.

9
Political Instability

• Government spent money on war rather than on
  food leaving people to leave and becoming
  refugees.
• List of dictators - Conservapedia

10
Case Studies that show obstacles to development

• Congo
• 1960s Civil War with 200 different ethnic groups
  fighting for power.
• 1965 Dictator took over, left the country in
  ruins economically with a brutal dictator.
• Difficult to modernize.
• Ethnic groups in Africa - Wikipedia, the free
  encyclopedia

11
Tanzania

• 1st President created a Command Economy in which
  the government makes all decisions.
• Had a 1 party democracy and collective farming.
• People resisted and high oil prices, inflation
  and oversized bureaucracy broke the country.

12
Brazil

• Under military rule from the 1960s to the 1980s.
• The Amazon Rain Forest was exploited.
• While the upper and middle class got rich,
  workers stayed poor.

13
What is economic interdependence?

• The world relies on each other for everything and
  when something happens economically in one area
  it affects all areas.

14
Describe how each of the following effects global
interdependence.
15
Dependence on oil

• Oil prices effect economies all over the world.
  When prices go up, less money to spend.

16
Global Banking and Financial Markets

• Many foreign banks made international loans. As
  one nation couldnt pay it back it affected the
  rest of the world.
• Also, when one financial institution struggled,
  it affected them all.

17
Multinational Corporations

• Businesses that operate in many countries.
• EXS) Coca-Cola, McDonalds, Nike.

18
Regional Cooperation

• Nations that are in a region that have linked
  their economies together.
• EX) NAFTA and the European Union
• Map of Europe - Member States of the European
  Union - Nations Online Project

19
International Drug Trade

• Attempts by countries working together to
  eliminate the drug trade and cartels.

20
How has economic decision making become more
global as national economies around the world
become increasingly interdependent?

• Greater cooperation among nations in banking and
  trade.

21
Describe 3 policies that could help developing
countries achieve greater economic prosperity.

• 1. Population Growth control.
• 2. Cut Trade deficits.
• 3. Lower their debt.
• 4. Stop instability in government

22
Conflicts and Peace Efforts
23
Define the term Terrorism

• Deliberate use of unpredictable violence,
  especially against civilians to gain revenge or
  political revenge.

24
List 3 reasons why terrorists use Terrorism

• 1. To gain revenge.
• 2. To gain political goals.
• 3. To spread terror.
• 4. Because they dont have their own military
  power.

25
How does the world attempt to counter terrorism?

• Countries will work together, share money,
  weapons and people to share information.

26
Ethnic and Religious Conflicts in the following
areas
27
Northern Ireland

• Ireland won independence in 1922 from Britain,
  but Britain kept control of 6 northern counties
  which is mostly protestant.
• IRA is a Catholic group whose goal was to drive
  the British from Northern Ireland .
• Used terrorist activity to get it done.
• About.com http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_I
  reland

28
The Balkans and the Ukraine

• After the fall of Communism, Yugoslavia, which
  was made up of many religious groups, broke apart
  into many different countries.
• In Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbs tried to get rid
  of all non Serbs, led by a leader named Slobodan
  Milosevic.
• Then, in Kosovo, Milosevic went in and attempted
  to get rid of all of the Muslims, and ethnic
  cleansing.
• Led to NATO going in to protect the Serbs.
• baltic states map and information page

29
South Asia

• Indias Hindu majority discriminated against the
  Muslims and Sikhs.

30
Southeast Asia

• In Indonesia, it is mostly Muslim and East Timor
  has demanded independence and is Catholic. This
  led to Muslims attacking and trying to make an
  Islamic government.
• http//www.sitesatlas.com/Maps/Maps/idn-pol.htm

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International Hot Spots
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Iraq

• 1st Gulf War after Saddam Hussein invaded Kuwait
  an international coalition fought to get him out.
• 2nd Gulf War After 9/11, the US and others were
  afraid he was tied into al Qaeda.
• Result Saddam ended up dead.
• Map of Iraq - Asian Maps, Asia Maps Iraq Map
  Information - World Atlas

33
The Kurds

• They are Sunni Muslims, not Arabs.
• Experienced harsh treatment in Turkey and Iraq,
  Saddam poison gassed them.
• They have been trying to create their own
  independent state since the 1920s.

34
North Korea

• Their leader, Kim Jong Il has created a communist
  dictatorship which has controlled all aspects of
  life.
• He was an unstable leader, who may be attempting
  to develop nuclear capabilities.
• His son Kim Jong un has taken over.
• No one knows how he will react.

35
China

• Have had many human rights violations.
• China wants to take over noncommunist Taiwan.

36
India and Pakistan

• Fight over Kashmir with both of them being
  nuclear powers.

37
Afghanistan

• Fighting for control between western powers and
  the Taliban.
• People have no rights and the Taliban is trying
  to disrupt elections and using terrorism to get
  rid of Americanization.

38
The United Nations

• Year Established 1945 (end of WWII)
• Goals To promote global peace and security as
  well as economic and social well being.

39
Main bodies of the UN and their function

• 1. General Assembly Discuss issues and recommend
  actions. Reps from all member nations.
• 2. Security Council Authorize military and
  economic actions to settle disputes.
• 3. Secretariat Responsible for administration of
  UN.
• 4. Economic and Social Council Promotes human
  rights, works for improved economic, social and
  health conditions.
• 5. International Court Justice Rules of
  international legal disputes.

40
3 activities carried out by the UN

• 1. Peacekeeping.
• 2. Human Rights protection.
• 3. Disaster Relief.

41
Where has the UN been active in peacekeeping?

• 1. Iraq After Iraq invaded Kuwait and the US and
  others drove them out.
• 2. Haiti In the 1990s, after the leader was
  ousted by a military coup and the UN helped to
  restore him. Also, after the earthquake, helped
  to keep order and rebuild.
• 3. Bosnia After Yugoslavia broke up in the 1990s
  maintained peace.

42
Identify 2 causes of conflict in the world today

• 1. Economics
• 2. Power (Sovereignty)

43
Westernization

• Adoption of western ways, usually involves
  modernizing.

44
Japan

• Individuals kept strong sense of responsibility
  to family. Personal desires matter very little.
• There is a weakening work ethic.

45
Saudi Arabia

• Disagreement over womens place in society and
  many dont like western influence.

46
Egypt

• Muslim reformers call for a return to Islamic law.

47
Afghanistan

• Taliban leaders have pushed for Islamic law and
  strict laws on the people and women.

48
Algeria

• In the 1980s-1990s, Islamists started calling for
  a return to traditional Islamist teachings.
• Period of unrest began in 1991.
• Election was cancelled when it looked like Muslim
  extremists would win.
• Violence between government and extremists led to
  80,000 deaths.

49
Causes of overpopulation

• 1. Religious Beliefs Essential to bring children
  into world.
• 2. Cultural Large families to provide for
  parents in old age.
• 3. Economic Help support the family
  economically.
• 4. Lack of Knowledge lack of information on how
  and why to not have kids.

50
How have governments attempted to control
population growth?

• Birth control information and financial incentive.

51
Why is it difficult to control population growth?

• Where ever cultural traditions and religious
  beliefs encourage large families, people arent
  willing to stop having them.

52
Causes of Urbanization

• 1. People looking for jobs and escape poverty.
• 2. Cities also offer better health care,
  educational opportunities, stores and modern
  conveniences.
• http//totallytop10.com/lifestyle/places/top-10-bi
  ggest-cities

53
Problems of Overpopulation

• 1. Traditional values are weakened.
• 2. Many people cant afford to live in cities.
• 3. Crowded conditions.

54
How are developing nations attempting to overcome
the negative aspects of overpopulation and
urbanization?

• 1. Provide education.
• 2. Relief agencies.
• 3. Health care.

55
In general, how has the status of women changed
in the 1900s? What rights have they gained?

• A. They have gained more rights.
• B. Right to vote, right to work.

56
What are the causes of Global Migration?

• 1. Better economic opportunities.
• 2. Freedom from repressive governments.

57
Green Revolution

• Better equipment, fertilizer and seeds allow for
  the production of food to improve greatly.

58
Internet

• Allow people to communicate and do business more
  rapidly than ever before and do it all over the
  world.

59
Why is education so important to progress in
todays society?

• Jobs require more education.

60
Medical Technology

• 1. Antibiotics
• 2. Vaccines
• 3. Transplants
• 4. Laser Surgery

61
What challenges are ahead for medicine?

• 1. Genetic Engineering.
• 2. New Epidemics.
• 3. Drug Resistant Microbes.

62
Pollution

• Contamination of the environment.
• Caused by factories and automobiles.
• Can cause respiratory disease, pollutes water,
  leads to disease.
• Acid rain, depletion of ozone layer, global
  warming?

63
Deforestation

• Destruction of forests, typically rain forests.
• Caused by development as nations harvest lumber
  or clear land to raise crops or build homes.
• Effects are changes in local weather patterns and
  a build up of carbon dioxide, and extinction of
  animals and plants.

64
Desertification

• Changes from arable (farmable) land to a desert.
• Caused by human activity (overgrazing of animals
  and cutting down forests)
• Effects is famine.

65
Nuclear Proliferation

• Use of nuclear energy spreading.
• Caused by cheap energy and countries wanting to
  protect themselves.
• Effects include accidents and waste disposal.