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Chapter One

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Chapter One Geography, People and Language The Canterbury Tales written by Geofery Chaucer, 14 the century Whan that Aprill, with his shoures soote The droghte of ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Chapter One


1
Chapter One
  • Geography, People
  • and Language

2
Contents
3
I Geography
  • 1. Geographical Feature
  • 2. Climate
  • 3. Major Cities

4
Map of the UK
  • Read the map to find
  • Atlantic Ocean
  • North Sea
  • Irish Sea
  • The English Channel (The
  • Channel Tunnel )
  • The Republic of Ireland

5
Geography
Title and Make up of the UK
  • The official title of the UK
  • the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern
    Ireland
  • The UK is made up of
  • Great Britain (the formerly separate England and
    Scotland, and Wales. )
  • Northern Ireland
  • Numerous smaller islands

6
Location and territory
  • Location of the UK
  • The mainland areas lie between
  • latitudes 49N and 61N and
  • longitudes 8W to 2E
  • Total territory 242,910 square kilometers
  • Interesting Fact No one in the UK lives more
    than 120 km (75 miles) from the sea.

7
Topography
England it consists of lowland terrain,
with some mountainous
terrain in the north-west,
north and south-west.
Scotland Its geography is varied, with
lowlands in the south and
east and highlands in
the north and west.
Ben Nevis in Scotland the
highest point in UK
Wales Its mostly mountainous. South Wales is
less mountainous than North and
Mid Wales.
Northern Ireland Its mostly hilly.
8
Rivers and Lakes
  • The longest river Severn River (354 kilometers
    long)
  • The second longest river Thames (332 kilometers
    long)
  • The largest Lake Lough Neagh

Thames
9
Lake District
10
Lake poets
  • "I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud"
    ---William Wordsworth
  •  I wandered lonely as a cloudThat floats on
    high o'er vales and hills,When all at once I saw
    a crowd,A host, of golden daffodilsBeside the
    lake, beneath the trees,Fluttering and dancing
    in the breeze.Continuous as the stars that
    shineAnd twinkle on the milky way,They
    stretched in never-ending lineAlong the margin
    of a bayTen thousand saw I at a glance,Tossing
    their heads in sprightly dance.

11
Lake poets
  • The waves beside them danced but theyOut-did
    the sparkling waves in gleeA poet could not but
    be gay,In such a jocund companyI gazed---and
    gazed---but little thoughtWhat wealth the show
    to me had broughtFor oft, when on my couch I
    lieIn vacant or in pensive mood,They flash upon
    that inward eyeWhich is the bliss of
    solitudeAnd then my heart with pleasure
    fills,And dances with the daffodils.

12
2. Climate
  • Main characteristics
  • Temperate, with warm summers, cold winters and
    plenty rainfall
  • Three major features
  • Winter fog
  • Rainy days
  • Instability/changeability

13
3. Major Cities London
  • the capital of England and of Great Britain
  • the political center of the Commonwealth
  • a major port
  • one of the world's leading banking and financial
  • centers.

The River Thames
14
Landmarks Symbols of London
The palace of Westminster
15
Landmarks Symbols of London
Big Ben
Westminster Abbey
16
Landmarks Symbols of London
St. Paul's Cathedral
17
Landmarks Symbols of London
Hyde Park
Tower of London
18
Landmarks Symbols of London
Buckingham Palace
Tower Bridge
19
Landmarks Symbols of London
London Eye
20
Major CitiesEdinburgh
  • Capital of Scotland
  • administrative, financial, legal, medical and
    insurance center of Scotland
  • beautiful scenery
  • renowned architecture

21
Landmarks Symbols of Edinburgh
Edinburgh Castle
Palace of Holyrood
22
Major CitiesCardiff
  • Europe's youngest capital city
  • has been the capital city of Wales for around 50
    years
  • home to an enormous amount of urban regeneration
    and restoration
  • has recently become one of the most fashionable
    cities in the United Kingdom.

23
Landmarks Symbols of Cardiff
Cardiff City Hall
24
Landmarks Symbols of Cardiff
Millennium Stadium
Cardiff Castle
25
Major CitiesBelfast
  • the second largest city
  • capital of Northern Ireland
  • an important historic city

City Hall
26
Landmarks Symbols of Belfast
Belfast Castle
27
II People
  • Overall population over 60 millions
  • Distribution
  • England about 50 million
  • Scotlandover 5 million
  • Wales around 3 million
  • Northern Ireland about 1.7million

28
Ethnicity
  • The majority of this population are descendents
    of the Anglo-Saxons
  • Most people in Wales and Scotland are descendents
    of the Celtic people
  • The Irish people were also Celtic in origin
  • immigrants

29
Percentage of total UK Population
  • Ethinc Groups of
    total
  • White British
    85.7
  • White Irish
    1.2
  • White (other)
    5.3
  • Mixed race
    1.2
  • Indian
    1.8
  • Pakistani
    1.3
  • Bengali
    0.5
  • Other Asian (non-Chinese)
    0.4
  • Black Caribbean
    1.0
  • Black African
    0.8
  • Black (others)
    0.2
  • Chinese
    0.4
  • Other
    0.4

30
III The English Language
  • 1. Old English
  • 2. Middle English
  • 3. Modern English
  • 4. Standard English

31
1. Old English (5th 11th)
  • Language of Angle-Saxons
  • Influenced by
  • Old Norse
  • Latin and Greek words
  • Danish words

32
Beowulf
  • The most famous work from the Old
  • English period is the epic poem Beowulf
  • (approximately AD 900)
  • Hwæt! We Gar-Dena in geardagum,
  • þeodcyninga, þrym gefrunon,
  • hu ða æþelingas ellen fremedon.
  • Oft Scyld Scefing sceaþena þreatum

33
2. Middle English (11th 15th )
  • Status
  • French replaced English as the official
    language, and English became the Language of
    lower class
  • big pork
  • sheep mutton
  • cattle beef
  • Development
  • English increased in importance after the
    Black Death

34
The Canterbury Tales
  • written by Geofery Chaucer, 14 the century
  • Whan that Aprill, with his shoures soote
  • The droghte of March hath perced to the roote
  • And bathed every veyne in swich licour,
  • Of which vertu engendred is the flour

Geoffrey Chaucer
35
3. Modern English (15th )
  • The printing pressbrought standardization of
    English
  • Samuel Johnsons dictionaryestablished a
    standard form of spelling
  • Renaissanceassimilated foreign words throughout
    the Renaissance
  • The Industrial Revolutionnecessitated the
    introduction of new words for new things and
    ideas
  • The rise of the British Empire or the
    Commonwealth of Nationsled to the assimilation
    of words from many other languages

36
Othello
  • by William Shakespeare 1603
  • La Tho in the trade of warre, I haue flaine men,
    Yet doe I hold it very ftuft of Confcience. To
    doe no contriud murrher I lacke iniquity
    Sometimes to doe feruice nine or ten times, I
    had thought to haue ierkd him here, Vnder the
    ribbes.
  • Oth. Tis better as it is.
  • Which can be translated as
  • La Though in the trade of war I have slain man,
    Yet do I hold it very stuff o the conscience.
    To do no contrived murder I lack iniquity
    Sometimes to do me service nine or tem times I
    had thought to have yerkd him here under the
    ribs.
  • Othello Tis better as it is.

Shakespeare
37
4. Standard English
  • based on the speech of the upper class of
    southeastern England
  • adopted as a broadcasting standard in the British
    media
  • also called as Queens English or BBC English
  • based on the London dialect
  • becoming a universal Lingua Francathe world
    language

38
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