AMA 174 - Anatomy

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AMA 174 - Anatomy Physiology/Medical
Terminology/Pathology 5 Female Reproductive
Systems
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Female Reproductive System

• Function to produce ova and provide a place for
  the growth of the embryo. Supplies important
  hormones that contribute to development of female
  sex characteristics such as breast development,
  body hair and structural changes in bones and fat

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Anatomy of the Reproductive System

• Ovaries female reproductive organs, produce ova
  (eggs)
• Fallopian Tubes carry the eggs to the uterus
• Uterus hollow muscular organ that provides a
  place for gestation
• Cul-de-sac area between the uterus and rectum
• Vagina structure that leads from the uterus to
  the outside of the body, carries sperm to the
  uterus and fallopian tubes, used for sexual
  reproduction
• Bartholin Glands secrete fluid to lubricate the
  vagina
• Clitoris sensitive erectile tissue
• Perineum area between the vagina and the anus

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External Genitalia

• Labia Majora outer lips of the vagina
• Labia Minora inner lips of the vagina
• Vulva combination of labia majora and minora

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Reproduction

• The ovum or egg, leaves the ovary, travels down
  the fallopian tube and enters the uterus. If
  fertilization occurs, the egg and sperm may
  combine (forms a ball of cells called the zygote)
  in the fallopian tube and implant in the uterus
  to form the embryo (2-6 weeks). The embryo then
  becomes a fetus (6-38 weeks). Gestation
  (pregnancy) takes about 40 weeks. The uterus
  builds up a lining each month to support
  fertilization. If fertilization does not occur,
  the ovum is shed with this built up inner lining
  of the uterus this is called menstruation.

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Accessory Organ

• Breast the breasts are mammary glands that
  contain milk glands that respond to hormones
  secreted during fertilization. Breasts also
  respond to hormones that cause them to grow
  during puberty. The hormones that affect
  production of the ovum after puberty are the
  follicle-stimulating hormone and the luteinizing
  hormone. Human Chorionic Gonaditropin is the
  hormone that is produced when pregnancy occurs.
  When the woman reaches a certain age, menopause
  occurs. This is the gradual ending of the
  menstrual cycle. This is when estrogen levels
  fall.

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