Notes: Macromolecule Table Objective: Cell biology standard 1h

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Notes Macromolecule TableObjective Cell
biology standard 1h Students will learn that
most macromolecules (carbohydrates, lipids,
proteins and nucleic acids) in organisms (and the
cells of organisms) are made from building blocks
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Organic Compounds (carbon based molecules)
Macromolecules (polymers) Building Blocks (monomer subunits) Example ? Function
Carbohydrates (polysaccharides) Monosaccharides
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Organic Compounds (carbon based molecules)
Macromolecules (polymers) Building Blocks (monomer subunits) Example ? Function
Carbohydrates (polysaccharides) Monosaccharides starch (a polysaccharide) ? Main energy storage in plants glycogen (a polysaccharide) ? Main energy storage in animals Glucose (a monosaccharide) ? Energy source for all organisms cells
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Organic Compounds (carbon based molecules)
Macromolecules (polymers) Building Blocks (monomer subunits) Example ? Function
Lipids Glycerol and Fatty acids
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Organic Compounds (carbon based molecules)
Macromolecules (polymers) Building Blocks (monomer subunits) Example ? Function
Lipids Glycerol and Fatty acids Oil ? Long term energy storage in plants Fat ? Long term energy storage in animals
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Organic Compounds (carbon based molecules)
Macromolecules (polymers) Building Blocks (monomer subunits) Example ? Function
Lipids Glycerol and Fatty acids Oil ? Long term energy storage in plants Fat ? Long term energy storage in animals phospholipids ? provides a barrier between cell outside world cholesterol ? stabilizes cell membrane
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Organic Compounds (carbon based molecules)
Macromolecules (polymers) Building Blocks (monomer subunits) Example ? Function
Protein (is made of one or more polypeptide chains) Amino acids Amino acids linked together by covalent bonds form polypeptide chain)
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Organic Compounds (carbon based molecules)
Macromolecules (polymers) Building Blocks (monomer subunits) Example ? Function
Protein (is made of one or more polypeptide chains) Amino acids Amino acids linked together by covalent bonds form polypeptide chain) Structural proteins? provides physical structure to cell (ex cytoskeleton) enzymes ? catalyzes (promotes) chemical reactions in cells antibodies? defend against infection
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Organic Compounds (carbon based molecules)
Macromolecules (polymers) Building Blocks (monomer subunits) Example ? Function
Nucleic Acids Nucleotides
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Organic Compounds (carbon based molecules)
Macromolecules (polymers) Building Blocks (monomer subunits) Example ? Function
Nucleic Acids Nucleotides DNA (nucleic acid) ? stores hereditary information passed from generation to generation RNA (nucleic acid)? helps manufacture proteins
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Organic Compounds (carbon based molecules)
Macromolecules (polymers) Building Blocks (monomer subunits) Example ? Function
Nucleic Acids Nucleotides DNA (nucleic acid) ? stores hereditary information passed from generation to generation RNA (nucleic acid)? helps manufacture proteins ATP (nucleotide)? In all cells, ATP temporarily STORES energy from digested food. Cells then use energy from ATP to power metabolic cellular processes.