Primitive Chordates: Oikopleura A Larvacean

1
Class Osteichthyes

• Bone endoskeleton
• Thin flexible scales (______ or ______)
• Bony ________ pumps water across gills
• Most have swim bladder
• ______ (symmetrical) tail
• Protrusible jaw with terminal mouth

Ctenoid
Cycloid
Operculum
Homocercal
2
Class Osteichthyes Bony Fishes
3
Phylum Chordata Subphylum Vertebrata Class
Osteichthyes
What type of scale is this?
_______ Scale
Ctenoid
Ctenoid Scale
4
_______ Scale
Cycloid
Cycloid Scale
What type of scale is this?
Phylum Chordata Subphylum Vertebrata Class
Osteichthyes
5
Phylum Chordata Subphylum Vertebrata Class
Chondrichthyes
Placoid Scales
What type are scales are these?
6
1. Operculum
2. Dorsal fins
3. Caudal fin
6. Pelvic fin
4. Lateral line
5. Pectoral fin
7. Anal fin
2
2
1
3
5
7
4
6
7
Second dorsal fin
Caudal fin
Lateral line
First dorsal fin
Operculum
Eye
Anal fin
Pelvic fin
Pectoral fin
Nostril
8
B.
Swim bladder
Gills
A.
Gonad
C.
Heart
D.
Stomach
E.
Intestine
F.
Liver
9
Swim bladder
B.
C.
Gonad
Gills
A.
E.
F.
D.
Pyloric caeca
G.
Heart
Stomach
Intestine
10
Swim bladder
5.
Gills
Swim bladder
6.
Liver
Gonad
4.
7.
1.
2.
Stomach
8.
9.
3.
Gills
Heart
Liver
Stomach
10.
Intestine
11
Perch Anatomy
Stomach
Gills
Ventricle (Heart)
Liver
Pyloric caeca
Intestine
Spleen
Gall Bladder
Intestine
Urinary bladder
Gonad
Intestine
Atrium (Heart)
Ventricle (Heart)
Liver
Gills
12
Parts of a Typical Epipelagic Fish
13
3
2
3
4
5
1
6
7
8
11
9
10
8
1. Gills
2. Kidney
3. Swim bladder
4. Gonad
5. Urinary bladder
11. Intestine
6. Heart
7. Liver
10. Pancreas
8. Stomach
9. Pyloric ceca
14
Pharynx

• Behind mouth
• Houses gills
• Gill arches may be equipped with inwardly
  directing projections called gill rakers that aid
  in filtering food from the water

15
Esophagus, Stomach, and Intestine

• The esophagus is short and contains taste buds
• The stomach functions in storage
• Pyloric caeca secrete digestive enzymes.
• Carnivores have short intestines, herbivores have
  long intestines.
• The intestine functions in the digestion of
  nutrients

16
Second dorsal fin
Caudal fin
Lateral line
First dorsal fin
Operculum
Eye
Anal fin
Pelvic fin
Pectoral fin
Nostril
17
Swim bladder
Gills
Gonad
Heart
Stomach
Intestine
Liver
18
Swim bladder
A.
B.
C.
Gonad
Gills
E.
F.
D.
Pyloric caeca
G.
Heart
Stomach
Intestine
19
A
B
20
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21
C
B
C
D
E
A
F
G
H
L
I
K
J