LVN Program

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LVN Program 2nd Semester

• Endocrine
• VNRS P025A

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Mrs. Keele

• Mrs.
• MOM
• G-ma
• P.T.A.
• C.N.A.
• Psych. Tech.
• LPN
• BSN

• RN
• CN
• DON
• DSD
• DOE
• CRRN

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Housekeeping

• Be on time
• Breaks are flexible
• Dr. Water only!
• Casual environment
• Ask questions!

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Syllabus

• Hours/Days
• Monday 830 AM 220 PM
• Tuesday 830 AM 220 PM
• One 20 min break in the AM and a 60 minute break
  for lunch

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General Rule

• If you are unable to attend class, you must
  notify the instructor prior to class.
• Only excused absences will be given an
  opportunity to make up quizzes/tests.
• Cannot make up participation
• Homework will not be accepted late unless excused
  by the instructor.

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Office Hours

• Lunch and Breaks
• Call me at home!
• 793-1664
• Please do not call
• after 1000 p.m.
• on Sundays

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Web site

• www.portervillecolege.edu/eKeele/
• Search engine
• PC web page instructors web pages
• E-mail
• elizabethkeele_at_sbcglobal.net

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F.Y.I.

• No need to bring books
• Cel phones on vibrate
• Tape players are encouraged

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HONESTY!
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Welcome to 2nd Semester

• Harder?
• Critical thinking
• Full time job ?

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What is the Endocrine System?

• Similar to nervous system
• Function
• Communication
• Control

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Endocrine vs. Nervous system
Endocrine System Nervous System
Speed Slower acting Fast acting
Duration Long lasting Short acting
Structure Gland ? hormones Nerves ? electrical impulses
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Endocrine System

• The link between the nervous system and the
  endocrine system
• The Hypothalamus

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Endocrine vs. Exocrine

• Endocrine
• Secrete hormones
• Directly into the blood stream
• Target specific organs/receptors
• Specific action
• No DUCTS

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Endocrine vs. Exocrine

• Exocrine
• Secrete fluids
• Via ducts!

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Which type of gland would you expect to be more
vascular?

1. Endocrine
2. Exocrine
3. Both are equally vascular
4. No fair asking a test question in the first hour
   of class!

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Endocrine Glands

• Pineal
• Pituitary
• Thyroid
• Parathyroid
• Thymus

• Adrenal Medulla
• Adrenal Cortex
• Islets of Langerhans
• Ovaries
• Testes

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General function of the Endocrine System

• Secrete hormone
• Affect rate of ongoing processes

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Epinephrine is a hormone secreted by the adrenal
medulla. What affect would you expect
epinephrine to have on the heart?

1. Change the color of the heart
2. Change the size of the heart
3. Change the speed of the heart beat
4. Change the strength of the heart beat

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What is a hormone?

• Chemical?
• Bloodstream?
• Specific target cell / organ?
• Causes target cell to act ?
• Specific action!
• h or i in body function

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Hormones are involved in all aspects of metabolism

• Growth
• Reproduction
• Energy production
• Regulation of fluid and electrolyte balance
• Regulation of body pH
• Resistance to stress

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Metabolism Synthesis

• "Hormones are involved in all aspects of
  metabolism
• Metabolism
• Break-down of molecules to make energy (burning)
• Synthesis
• Building-up of molecules

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How do hormones work?

• Non-linear, 6 step process

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1. Homeostasis

• Change in homeostasis
• i.e.
• Body temperature lowers
• Heart rate slows
• Increased blood sugar levels

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Sensors

• Sensors ?
• Monitor homeostasis
• Identify change in homeostasis ?
• Responds to change ?
• Initiate a specific stimuli ?

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3. Hormone secretion

• Specific stimuli ?
• Endocrine gland ?
• Secretes hormone

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4. Bloodstream

• Hormone secretion directly into the bloodstream ?
  
• Circulated by the bloodstream ?
• Body

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5. Target organ

• Hormones in the blood stream ?
• enter target organs/tissues that have receptors
  for that hormone

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6. Action

• The hormone (when it enters the target organ) ?
• produces a specific action
• Action is usually opposite to the initial
  homeostasis change.
• (Body temperature lowers)? increased body temp.
• (Heart rate slows) ? increase heart rate
• (Decreased blood sugar levels) ? increase BS
  levels
• (Increase in blood glucose levels) ? decrease BS
  levels
• (High blood pressure) ? lowers BP
• (Dehydration) ? increased hydration

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1. Homeostasis

• Specific action ?
• Restores homeostasis ?
• Sensor i stimuli ?
• i hormone secretion
• Negative feedback!

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Negative Feedback Mechanism

• The effects of the hormone often will reverse
  the stimulus and ultimately lead to decrease
  secretion of the hormone.

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Negative Feedback Mechanism

• i process (homeostasis) ?
• h stimuli ?
• h hormone secretion ?
• h process (homeostasis) ?
• i stimuli ?
• i hormone secretion

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How to assess the Endocrine System?

• Not palpate
• Not ascultate
• HOW????
• Labs
• SS

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Key Concept!

• In the health physiological state, hormone
  concentration in the bloodstream is maintained at
  a relatively constant level.

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Small Group Questions

1. Name three characteristics of the endocrine
   system.
2. What is the function of a hormone?
3. How do hormones work?
4. What is Negative Feedback Mechanism?
5. How do the endocrine systems and the nervous
   system communicate?
6. What must happen to a gland in order for it to
   secrete a hormone?