Diapositiva 1

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How to promote access to land for future
generations Italian case studiesLeonardo
Gallico
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Contents

• Land trend in Italy (access, distribution,
  ownership)
• Case studies and proposal
• - management of public land (coop. Agricoltura
  Nuova)
• - collective management of commons (usi civici)
• - access on land expropriated by the state who
  belonged to mafia members (Libera Terra)
• - renting of public land (belonging to Demanio)
• Conclusions

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Land in Italy an historical overview
Agrarian Economy (1950) Industrial Economy (60- 70) Post industrial economy (90)
Key sector Agriculture Industry Services
Use of Land
Major problems
Policies on land Territorial management
Agricultural use Industrial real estate and
environmental purpose
Agricultural use Industrial and real estate
Agricultural Use

Conflicts between Urban and agricultural use and
environmental constraints
Conflicts between Urban and agricultural use
Conflicts between owners and workers
Supporting growth of farm dimension
Training and agrarian reform
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Lost of Utilised Agriculture Area (UAA) in the
last 40 years in Italy
Source ISTAT
1970 17,5 MHa of UAA 2007 12,7 MHa of
UAA 1970/2007 lost of 27 of cultivable area
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Decrease in UAA by typology of farm size
Source ISTAT

• In the last 20 year land mobility has created
  and increase of land for farmers between 50 and
  100 Ha.
• An important decrease interested the farms
  below 20 ha, not just in term of hectares but
  also in term of number of enterprises.
• Today in Italy 2,4 of the farms , with more
  than 50 Ha, cultivate the 40 of the available
  land for agriculture purpose
• The 75 of the farms, which are with less than
  5 ha, cultivate ONLY the 15 of the arable land.

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Cost of land per Ha 2008
Source INEA
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Who buy land in Italy?
Source direct survey COLDIRETTI 2009

• The problem of pressure over land originated by
  non-agricultural users needs a revised legal
  framework.
• The land market is characterized by a limited
  activity of sell and buying. In one year less
  than 2 of the total area changed ownership.

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Land rent in Italy
In the last 20 years the area rented has grown by
18 reducing the distance between Italy and EU.
The total land rented in Italy is 28 compared
with EU-15 where the average is 44
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Case studies 1the management of public land
Cooperative Agricoltura Nuova

• Its a mix public/private area occupied in 1976
  by landless and people who want to create
  employment in agriculture and maintain rural
  activities still vital
• The farm is located in the peri-urban area of
  Rome, with an increasing pressure for real estate
  investment the cooperative contributed to the
  creation of a regional park of 6.000 ha
• The cooperative guaranteed the management of more
  than 320 ha. all rented at public authorities and
  private sector, giving employment to 50 people

http//www.agricolturanuova.it
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Case studies 1the management of public land
Cooperative Agricoltura Nuova
The farm enterprise model

• Cooperative with more than 50 active members
• Inclusion of disable workers in daily activities
  since the 80s, promoting a new welfare system in
  peri-urban area of Rome
• Access to new market and promotion of direct
  selling and local market Km0 restaurant
• Organic agriculture since 1995
• Opened to the world of services which guarantee
  income and network
• Hippo therapy
• Educational services with school (more than
  10.000 children/year visit the farm)
• Renewable energy (Photovoltaic system has been
  installed)
• Tourism
• Restaurant

http//www.agricolturanuova.it
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Case studies 2 collective management of
communal land
Communal land are traditionally used for forest
and pasture, areas characterized by extensive
agricultural activities they play a key role in
rural marginalized areas (mountains) In Lazio
region there exist 500.000 Ha of communal land
(50 of the total UAA in the region ), they
clearly contribute for environmental
purposes Communal land without fragmentation
(private ownership) contribute on the maintenance
of extensive grazing and local races, which are
the bases for the production of traditional food
stuff productions registered as PDO and IGP
Commons today implies none management and
abandonment of the land and less opportunities
for rural population in managing natural
capital There is therefore the problem of
Knowledge management or sharing of all
competencies needed to address those schemes
lawyer, technicians and environmental
questions
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Case study 3 Libera Terra
The law 109/96 on the expropriation of goods
belonging to Mafia, foreseen that these goods
will be assigned to subject who will be able to
manage the asset guarantying a social benefits
for local communities. On this basis since 14
years in Italy, more than 5.500 goods have been
expropriated (houses, land, apartments). The
NGO Libera Terra manages now, in 2009, more
than 800 Ha, all around the country particularly
in southern Italy troughs 5 cooperatives which
gave employment to 65 people and more 50 seasonal
workers. On these land in 2009 were produced
different kind of foods stuff vegetable,
horticulture, pasta, wine, etc.. Al products are
sold trough direct selling schemes which
guarantee more earning for the coops, and support
from the consumers.
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Case study 4 The public land in Italy (
DEMANIOs land )

• Purpose to increase the supply of land on the
  market offering public land (Minister for
  agriculture and fisheries Mr. Zaia - July 2009)
• The total amount of state managed area is 935.000
  UAA, subdivided in to
• Flat land 1 (about 10.000 ha)
• Hills 14 (about 140.000 ha)
• Mountain 85 (about 750.000 ha)
• Still not clear for which kind of beneficiaries
  and which target
• However the objective of this policy is to
  increase employment for young people in rural
  areas, through and increased offer of public
  land.
• The objective of this policy is to increase
  access to land through an increased offer of
  public land
• (creation of employment maybe 5.000 new young
  farmers)????

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Access to land in Italy conclusions

• for the characteristic of the Italian land
  market, the mobility of land, now can be promoted
  mainly supporting rent agreement
• there exists some good practices, as shown, and
  its important to support those practices trough
  second Pillar of CAP in the next future
  2013/2020
• From the other side the total amount of public
  land (Demanio, Commons, and land belonged to
  Mafia) could be a new opportunity to support the
  creation of new farmers in rural areas

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Thanks for your attention