Civil Rights Movement

1
Civil Rights Movement

• Put your name at the top. The journal entries
  will be taken for a grade.

2
1896 Plessy vs Ferguson

• Court case that said blacks and white could be
  separated as long as facilities were equal.
• Made segregation legal in the South.

3
Segregation
Separation of people based on their race.
4
Life in the South (Early-mid 1900s)

• Jim Crowe Laws- social rules for how black and
  white interacted. Ex- black men could not walk
  on sidewalk while a white woman was on the same
  sidewalk.
• Ku Klux Klan- made a comeback in the 1950-60s to
  keep blacks from gaining political rights. Used
  fear and violence.

5
1954

• Brown v. Board
• Of Education

US Supreme Court says separate is not equal,
schools must desegregate. Cancels Plessy v.
Ferguson
6
Integrate/Desegregate
Open to all races and groups of people.
7
1954

• Emmitt Till

14 year old boy brutally murdered for not
following social rules of segregation. Brought
national attention to racial violence in the
South.
8
Lynching
To punish or kill without going through the legal
system for a real or false crime.
9
1955

• Montgomery Bus Boycott

Rosa Parks refuses to give up seat on city bus,
is arrested. People led movement- 17,000 people
refuse to use city buses as protest of
segregation.
10
Respond to journal ?

• MLK Jrs House after front porch was bombed by
  anti-integrationist.

11
1957

• Little Rock 9

Courts ordered schools to desegregate. And
Arkansas gov. blocked black students from going
to school. Federal Troops sent to escort black
students to school.
12
1960
Greensboro Sit-ins
NC college students respond to MLK Jrs call for
nonviolent protest by sitting at whites only
lunch counter until they were served. Peacefully
arrested.
13
Civil Disobedience
Refusal to obey the law as a way to show the gov.
the law should be changed.
14
1963

• Birmingham, Alabama

City leader Bull Connor responded to Civil Rights
protests by using police dogs and firehouses to
break up protestors.
15
Respond to journal ?

• The following was written by MLK Jr after being
  arrested for protesting in Alabama.
• I guess it is easy for those who have never felt
  the stinging darts of segregation to say wait.
  But when you have seen vicious mobs lynch your
  mothers and fathers at will and drown your
  sisters and brothers at whim when you have seen
  hate filled policemen curse, kick, brutalize, and
  even kill your black brothers and sisters with
  impunity when you see the vast majority of your
  twenty million Negro brothers smothering in an
  air-tight cage of poverty in the midst of an
  affluent society when you suddenly find your
  tongue twisted and your speech stammering as you
  seek to explain to your six-year-old daughter why
  she can't go to the public amusement park that
  has just been advertised on television, and see
  tears welling up in her little eyes when she is
  told that Funtown is closed to colored children,
  and see the depressing clouds of inferiority
  begin to form in her little mental sky, and see
  her begin to distort her little personality by
  unconsciously developing a bitterness toward
  white people when you have to concoct an answer
  for a five-year-old son asking in agonizing
  pathos

16

• "Daddy, why do white people treat colored people
  so mean?" when you take a cross-country drive
  and find it necessary to sleep night after night
  in the uncomfortable corners of your automobile
  because no motel will accept you when you are
  humiliated day in and day out by nagging signs
  reading "white" men and "colored" when your
  first name becomes "nigger" and your middle name
  becomes "boy" (however old you are) and your last
  name becomes "John," and when your wife and
  mother are never given the respected title
  "Mrs." when you are harried by day and haunted
  by night by the fact that you are a Negro, living
  constantly at tip-toe stance never quite knowing
  what to expect next, and plagued with inner fears
  and outer resentments when you are forever
  fighting a degenerating sense of "nobodiness" --
  then you will understand why we find it difficult
  to wait. There comes a time when the cup of
  endurance runs over, and men are no longer
  willing to be plunged into an abyss of injustice
  where they experience the bleakness of corroding
  despair. I hope, sirs, you can understand our
  legitimate and unavoidable impatience.

17
1963

• March on DC

March to convince Congress to pass Civil Rights
bill. ¼ million people march to Lincoln
Memorial, MLK JR delivers I Have a Dream speech.
18
1964

• Freedom Summer

Northern college students go to Mississippi to
register blacks to vote. James Chaney and 2
white workers Andrew Goodman, Michael Schwerner
are murdered.
19
1964-65

• Civil Rights and Voting
• Acts

Banned segregation in public facilities and
discrimination in employment. Banned literacy
tests as a requirement to vote.
20
Literacy Test
A test to see if a person could read and write
before they were allowed to vote. Most included
trivia and were meant to keep blacks from voting.
21
1968

• Assassination of MLK Jr

In Memphis to show support of striking garbage
workers, he was assassinated outside his motel
room by James Earl Ray. Curfew required that
night for fear of riots.
22
1968

• Assassination of Robert Kennedy

Brother of John F. Kennedy, Robert worked closely
with MLK on Civil Rights and ending the Vietnam
War. After announcing he would run for
president, was shot at a fundraiser.
23
Respond to journal ?

• What did we as a country lose in 1968 when MLK
  and RFK were killed?
• At least 1 paragraph!!