Chapters 1,2, and 3

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Ecology Unit Review

• Chapters 1,2, and 3

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What is Ecology?

• The study of how living things interact with one
  another and within their environment.

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ORGANISMS
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Levels of Organization
Organism
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Changes in Population Size
Studying Populations

• Populations can change in size when new members
  join the population or when members leave the
  population.

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Describe the niche of an organism.
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Figure 4-5 Three Species of Warblers and Their
Niches
Section 4-2
Cape May Warbler Feeds at the tips of
branches near the top of the tree
Bay-Breasted Warbler Feeds in the middle part of
the tree
Spruce tree
Yellow-Rumped Warbler Feeds in the lower part of
the tree and at the bases of the middle branches
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Lynx chasing Snowshoe Hare
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What is symbiosis?

• A relationship between two organisms in which at
  least one organisms benefits.

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Which symbiotic relationship results with one
species benefiting and one being harmed?

• Parasitism

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Which symbiotic relationship results with both
species benefiting?

• mutualism

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Which symbiotic relationship results with one
species benefiting and the other doesnt really
care?
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Producers
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Herbivores
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Carnivores
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Omnivore
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SCAVENGERS
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DECOMPOSERS
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Food Chains and Food Webs
- Energy Flow in Ecosystems

• The movement of energy though an ecosystem can be
  shown in diagrams called food chains and food
  webs.

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Carnivore/ Omnivore
0.1 kcal
1kcal
10 kcal
Herbivore
100 kcal
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- Cycles of Matter
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- Cycles of Matter
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- Cycles of Matter
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Whats so special about legume roots?
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Continental Drift
- Biogeography

• One factor that has affected how species are
  distributed is the motion of Earths continents.

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Relating Cause and Effect
- Biogeography

• Identify three causes of dispersal

Causes
Wind
Effect
Dispersal of species
Water
Living things, including humans
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Limits to Dispersal
- Biogeography

• Climate determines the distribution of species on
  different parts of the mountain.

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What are exotic species?

• An organism that is carried from one location to
  another by people.

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What are the three main categories of
environmental issues?

• RESOURCE USE
• POPULATION GROWTH
• POLLUTION

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• RENEWABLE
• NONRENEWABLE

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Managing Forests

• Forests and Fisheries

• Clear-cutting involves cutting down all the trees
  in an area at once. Selective cutting involves
  cutting down only some trees.

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CLEAR CUTTING
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

• Quick
• Cheap
• Safer for loggers

• Ecosystem changes
• Soil erosion
• Soil washed into streams

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MANAGING FISHERIES

• FISHING LIMITS
• Ban the fishing of certain species and setting a
  limit to the number or size of fish.
• FISHING METHODS
• Use larger mesh size nets
• AQUACULTURE
• Humans raise fish and other aquatic organisms
• NEW RESOURCES
• Monkfish, tile fish, tilapia

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What is biodiversity?

• The number of different species in an area.

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How do sea otters help keep their ecosystem
balance?
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Factors Affecting Biodiversity

• Biodiversity

• Factors that affect biodiversity in an ecosystem
  include area, climate, and diversity of niches.

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What is the difference between threatened,
endangered and extinct?
Threatened
Endangered
Extinct
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What are four causes of extinction?

1. Habitat Destruction
2. Poaching
3. Pollution
4. Exotic Species

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What are three ways of protecting biodiversity?

• Captive Breeding
• Laws and Treaties
• Habitat Preservation

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