Lecture 6

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Lecture 6 Tyre Force and Moment
Characteristics
Bergamo University Italy 12th-14th June 2012
Professor Mike Blundell Phd, MSc, BSc (Hons),
FIMechE, CEng
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SAE Tyre Axis System
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ISO Tyre Axis System
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Definition of Tyre Radii
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Generation of Tyre Lateral Forces due to Conicity
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Generation of Tyre Lateral Forces due to Plysteer
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Frictional Force Component due to Adhesion
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Hysteresis in Rubber
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Loading and Unloading of Tyre Rubber in the
Contact Patch
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Pressure Distribution in a Stationary Tyre
Contact Patch
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Tyre Forces and Moments Shown Acting in the SAE
Tyre Axis System
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Measurement of Stiffness in a Non-Rolling Tyre
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Vertical Tyre Force Model Based on a Linear
Spring Damper
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Generation of Slip in a Free Rolling Tyre
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Lateral Distortion of the Contact Patch for a
Free Rolling Tyre
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Generation of Rolling Resistance in a Free
Rolling Tyre
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Generation of Force in a Braked Tyre
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Braking Force versus Slip Ratio
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The Effect of Road Contamination on Braking
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Generation of Force in a Driven Tyre
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Forces and Moments due to Slip and Camber Angle
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Generation of Lateral Force and Aligning Moment
due to Slip Angle
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Plotting Lateral Force versus Slip Angle
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Plotting Aligning Moment versus Slip Angle
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Generation of Lateral Force due to Camber Angle
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Plotting Lateral Force versus Camber Angle
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Generation of Self Aligning Moment due to Camber
Angle
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Plotting Aligning Moment Versus Camber Angle
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The Effect of Combined Camber and Slip Angle on
Lateral Force
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Generation of Overturning Moment in the Tyre
Contact Patch
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Pure and Combined Braking and Cornering Forces
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Plotting Lateral Force Against Longitudinal Force
(Friction Circle)
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Development of Lateral Force Following Step
Steering Input
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High Speed Dynamics Machine for Tyre Testing
Formerly at Dunlop Tyres Ltd.
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Flat Bed Tyre Test Machine at Coventry University
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Lateral Force Fy with Slip Angle a
Courtesy of Dunlop Tyres Ltd.
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Aligning Moment Mz with Slip Angle a
Courtesy of Dunlop Tyres Ltd.
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Lateral Force Fy with Aligning Moment Mz (Gough
Plot)
Courtesy of Dunlop Tyres Ltd.
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Cornering Stiffness with Load
Courtesy of Dunlop Tyres Ltd.
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Aligning Stiffness with Load
Courtesy of Dunlop Tyres Ltd.
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Lateral Force Fy with Camber Angle a
Courtesy of Dunlop Tyres Ltd.
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Aligning Moment Mz with Camber Angle a
Courtesy of Dunlop Tyres Ltd.
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Camber Stiffness with Load
Courtesy of Dunlop Tyres Ltd.
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Aligning Camber Stiffness with Load
Courtesy of Dunlop Tyres Ltd.
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Braking Force with Slip Ratio