Cholesterol

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CholesterolHero or Villain?
Rita C. Stanley, M.D. Board Certified, Internal
Medicine Natural GrocersTopeka, KSJanuary 17,
2014
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What is Cholesterol?

• a wax-like steroid molecule that plays a critical
  role in metabolism
• major component of cellular membranes

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NECESSARY HERO

• Precursor to the steroid hormones..
• Sex hormones (testosterone, estrogens)
• Mineral-corticoidscontrol balance of water
  minerals in the kidney
• Glucocorticoids..control protein and
  carbohydrate metabolism, immune suppression, and
  inflammation
• Also the precursor to vitamin D

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ESSENTIAL TO LIFE!
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STANDARD LIPID PROFILE

• TOTAL CHOLESTEROL
• LDL BAD CHOLESTEROL
• HDL GOOD CHOLESTEROL
• TRIGLYCERIDES

• TAKE AWAY!
• Standard testing provides limited insight into
  multiple factors underlying CVD
• Identifies only 40 of people at risk for CAD
• Calculated valuesnot measured

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LDL BAD CHOLESTEROL

• LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN Combination fat/protein
• Lipoprotein is a carrier for cholesterol and fats
• Has 3 particle sizes
• DANGER Small,dense particles vulnerable to
  oxidation
• Oxidized LDL penetrates lining of artery
• Contributes to development of atherosclerosis

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ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION
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HDL good Cholesterol

• Removes LDL cholesterol from vessel walls
• Carries it to the liver for disposal
• Reverse cholesterol transport
• Higher the HDL, less risk for CVD
• CVD events reduced 11 for every 5 mg/dl increase
  in HDL
• More than LDL, better predictor of future heart
  attack (Framingham Study)
• Large HDL (HDL 2b) most active in removing
  cholesterol

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ADVANCED CHOLESTEROL TESTING

• Directly measures LDL (Bad Cholesterol) and
• Provides measurements for 15 lipid components.
• VAP (vertical auto profile), NMR, CardioIQ

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PREVENTION
VAP tests for all present and emerging risk
factors in NCEP ATP III cholesterol guidelines

• TAKE AWAY!
• VAP DETECTS CARDIOVASCULAR RISK LONG BEFORE
  SYMPTOMS MANIFEST
• DATA ALLOWS PERSONAIZED PREVENTION AND TREATMENT
  STRATEGY

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Coenzyme Q10

• An enzyme produced in all tissues
• Called a coenzyme because of its unique ability
  to participate in chemical reactions but remain
  at steady-state levels in the cell,
• ANTIOXIDANT
• NEUTRALIZES FREE-RADICALS
• INHIBITS LIPID PEROXIDATION (OXIDATION OF LDL)
• MITOCHONDRIAL ATP SYNTHESIS
• Plays integral role in suppying energy to
  chemical reactions in the body

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ESSENTIAL FATTY ACIDS

• Essential fatty acids or EFAs,.
• Fatty acids required for biological processes
• Not produced in our bodymust be ingested
• Essential components of all cell membranes
• Three most nutritionally important omega-3 fatty
  acids are
• alpha-linolenic acid (ALA)
• eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and
• docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)

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OMEGA-3 OILS
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Best oils for the kitchen..

• Coconut oil (organic virgin)
• Butter Ghee (clarified butter) GRASS FED
  COWS
• EVOO Olive Oil
  
• Lard, Tallow, Bacon Drippings PASTURE RAISED,
  GRASS FED ANIMALS

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AVOID!

• Soybean Oil
• Corn Oil
• Cottonseed Oil
• Canola Oil
• Rapeseed Oil
• Sunflower Oil
• Sesame Oil
• Grapeseed Oil
• Safflower Oil
• Rice Brain Oil

• Highly processed, refined products that are way
  too rich in Omega-6 fatty acids
• New data links these oils with many serious
  diseases, including heart disease and cancer (21,
  22, 23).

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Fatty Acid Breakdown Saturated
92. Monounsaturated 6. Polyunsaturated 1.6.
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COENZYME Q 10

• Inhibits oxidation of LDL cholesterol
• Attaches to LDL particles
• Lowers Lp(a), a powerful predictor of cardiac
  health

• Food sources ORGAN MEATS (liver, kidney, beef,
  sardines, mackerel, peanuts)
• 50x more antioxidant power than Vitamin E

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POLICOSANOL
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Policosanol

• Protects LDL cholesterol from oxidation
• Derived from sugar cane
• Inhibits proliferation of vascular cells,
  platelet aggregation
• INCREASES HDL CHOLESTEROL
• Comparable to many cholesterol lowering drugs
  (Prat et al. 1999)

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GUGULIPID

• Extract from mukul myrrh tree
• Used for centuries in India
• Human clinical trials showed 14-27 drop in total
  cholesterol levels
• 22-30 reduction in triglycerides
• HDL increased in 60 of cases
• Plaque formation regression
• Non-toxic